Nokea
In catheters, the greater the size number, the larger the catheter.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Catheter size is measured in French (Fr) units, where a higher number indicates a larger diameter.
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You gather the following assessment data: bladder is distended, patient is complaining of lower abdominal discomfort, urinary output has totaled 150 mL in 6 hours after the catheter was discontinued, and the patient is voiding frequently in very small amounts. You decide to notify the physician. What order will you expect to receive?
- A. Order for catheterization
- B. Order for antibiotics
- C. Order for increased IV fluids
- D. Order for a diuretic
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The symptoms and low output suggest urinary retention, likely requiring catheterization to relieve the distended bladder.
You are assigned to care for a patient with an indwelling catheter. A 24-hour urine collection is ordered. How will you keep the urine from deteriorating and affecting the outcome of the test?
- A. Take a labeled specimen from the drainage bag to the laboratory every 3 hours.
- B. Empty the bag every 8 hours and pour the urine into a 24-hour collection container. Keep this container refrigerated.
- C. Keep the drainage bag in a basin containing ice. Empty the drainage bag every 8 hours into the 24-hour collection container, which you are keeping in a refrigerator.
- D. Ask the patient to empty the drainage bag into an iced container whenever it contains more than 100 mL of urine.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Keeping the drainage bag in ice and the collection container refrigerated prevents bacterial growth and urine deterioration, ensuring accurate test results.
Sometimes patients are not aware that they retain urine. If the residual urine volume is less than 300 mL and does not feel uncomfortable to the patient, is there any reason to try to correct the problem?
- A. Yes, because the enlarged bladder can cause pressure on other organs.
- B. Yes, because residual urine can lead to urinary tract infections.
- C. Yes, because it can cause enlarged prostate in men or urethral strictures in women.
- D. No, if the patient is not uncomfortable, a residual urine of 300 mL or bible does not require treatment.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Residual urine, even if asymptomatic, can increase the risk of urinary tract infections due to bacterial growth in stagnant urine.
Urinary sepsis is a potential complication of any UTI because
- A. A continuous membrane lines all the structures of the urinary system.
- B. Bacteria from outside the urinary meatus can spread through the urethra to the bladder, then the ureters, and into the kidneys.
- C. Once a UTI occurs, the immune system is compromised and can no longer fight bacteria entering the blood.
- D. The total volume of a person's blood flows through the kidneys each day to be filtered, and this could allow bacteria to spread to the blood.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Bacteria can ascend from the urethra to the kidneys, and the kidneys' filtration of blood allows bacteria to enter the bloodstream, leading to sepsis.
The size of the balloon for an indwelling catheter is 5 mL.
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Indwelling catheter balloons typically range from 5 to 30 mL, with 10 mL being common for adults.