Nokea
In classical conditioning, UR and CR are:
- A. Opposite behaviour
- B. The same behavior
- C. The result of extinction
- D. The same stimulus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: UR (unconditioned response) and CR (conditioned response) are identical behaviors, triggered differently (Pavlov).
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The child's ability to understand spatial relationships develops during
- A. Sensorimotor
- B. Preoperational
- C. Concrete operational
- D. Formal operational
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spatial relationships, like conservation of space, develop in the concrete operational stage (Piaget).
You are caring for a multiple trauma client who has just arrived at the emergency room with a number of other external disaster victims. This client has multiple blast injuries and hypovolemic shock; it is anticipated that this unstable critically injured and unconscious client will have long term intravenous therapy, blood products and possibly hyperalimentation as well. Which type of venous access would you most likely anticipate for this client?
- A. A percutaneous, non tunneled subclavian catheter
- B. A peripheral intravenous catheter that is 20 gauge
- C. A multi lumen implanted tunneled and cuffed central venous catheter
- D. A peripherally inserted central venous catheter
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A tunneled multi-lumen catheter (C) suits long-term critical needs.
Which of the following statements about health care in Ecuador and other Latin American countries is true?
- A. Pharmacists may give medical treatment without a physician's prescription
- B. Sharing medication among family members is rare in Latin American countries
- C. Few drugs are dispensed without medical prescriptions
- D. Choosing medications is usually left up to the individual
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pharmacists in Latin America often provide treatments without prescriptions.
A young adult has recently had multiple absences from work. After each absence, this adult returned to work wearing dark glasses and long-sleeved shirts. During an interview with the occupational health nurse, this adult says, My partner beat me, but it was because I did not do the laundry. What is the nurses next action?
- A. Call the police.
- B. Arrange for hospitalization.
- C. Call the adult protective agency.
- D. Document injuries with a body map.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Documentation of injuries provides a basis for possible legal intervention. In most states, the abused adult would need to make the decision to involve the police. Because the worker is not an older adult and is competent, the adult protective agency is unable to assist. Admission to the hospital is not necessary.
In which age children develop a sense of trust
- A. 0-1 year
- B. 1-3 years
- C. 3-5 years
- D. 5-7 years
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Erikson's trust vs. mistrust stage occurs from birth to 1 year.