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In DSM-IV-TR intellectual disabilities are divided into a number of degrees of severity, depending primarily on the range of IQ score provided by the sufferer. One of these is Profound Mental Retardation, represented by an IQ score below:
- A. 20-25
- B. 25-30
- C. 15-20
- D. 15-Oct
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Profound Mental Retardation: Defined by DSM-IV-TR as an IQ score below 20-25.
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When a patient with anorexia nervosa expresses a fear of weight gain, the nurse should respond by:
- A. Minimizing the patient's concerns to avoid anxiety.
- B. Encouraging weight loss to meet the patient's goals.
- C. Explaining that weight gain is part of the treatment plan.
- D. Agreeing with the patient's view on body image to reduce conflict.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct response is C: Explaining that weight gain is part of the treatment plan. This answer is correct because in treating anorexia nervosa, it is essential for patients to understand that weight gain is necessary for recovery and overall health improvement. By explaining this, the nurse can help the patient develop a more positive attitude towards weight gain and recognize it as a crucial aspect of the treatment process.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect:
A: Minimizing the patient's concerns may invalidate their feelings and hinder therapeutic communication.
B: Encouraging weight loss would be counterproductive and reinforce the patient's negative behaviors and beliefs.
D: Simply agreeing with the patient's view on body image without addressing the need for weight gain would not promote positive change or support the patient's recovery.
In clinical supervision, the nurse caring for the patient with a paranoid personality disorder tells the advanced practice nurse, 'I tried being caring and empathetic, but the patient just kept telling me to stay away.' Which response by the advanced practice nurse would be best?
- A. Acting somewhat cynical and aloof, like they do, will make it easier for paranoid persons to bond with you over time. That, plus humor.'
- B. You may be trying too hard too soon. Back off, give him some time to get used to you, then try your caring and empathetic approach again.'
- C. Mistrustful people do not bond as others do, so first it's important to be realistic. Second, a neutral yet courteous approach will work better.'
- D. You are on the right track, but give it more time. Actively conveying empathy and care will work, but paranoid persons respond more slowly.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it acknowledges the unique challenges of working with individuals with paranoid personality disorder. The response emphasizes the importance of being realistic about the patient's mistrust and suggests a neutral yet courteous approach. This approach recognizes the need to build trust gradually and not rush into being overly caring or empathetic, which could further trigger the patient's paranoia.
Choice A is incorrect because adopting a cynical and aloof attitude is not conducive to building rapport with individuals with paranoid personality disorder. Humor may also be perceived as mocking or dismissive.
Choice B is incorrect because it suggests backing off completely before trying a caring and empathetic approach again. This approach may not effectively address the patient's needs for support and may reinforce their feelings of isolation.
Choice D is incorrect because it suggests continuing with the caring and empathetic approach without acknowledging the need for a more cautious and neutral approach with individuals who are mistrustful. This approach may not effectively address the patient's specific needs and could potentially worsen the
The therapeutic approach in the care of an autistic child include the following EXCEPT:
- A. Engage in diversionary activities when acting out
- B. Provide an atmosphere of acceptance
- C. Provide safety measures
- D. Rearrange the environment to activate the child
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rearranging the environment to activate the child may overstimulate an autistic child, who typically benefits from consistency and calm settings.
It has been discovered that all major anti-psychotic drugs
- A. block the action of dopamine
- B. facilitate the action of dopamine
- C. increase levels of dopamine
- D. decrease levels of dopamine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Antipsychotics reduce psychotic symptoms by blocking dopamine receptors in the brain.
The inability to fall asleep or stay asleep is called:
- A. Insomnia.
- B. Narcolepsy.
- C. Hypersomnia.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Insomnia. Insomnia refers to the inability to fall asleep or stay asleep, leading to difficulties in getting enough sleep. It is a common sleep disorder affecting many people. Narcolepsy (B) is a disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and sudden sleep attacks. Hypersomnia (C) is a condition involving excessive daytime sleepiness but differs from insomnia. Choice D is incorrect as the term "insomnia" precisely describes the inability to fall or stay asleep.