Nokea
In providing community education on prevention of peripheral arterial disease, the nurse is careful to include which of the following as a major risk factor?
- A. Dysrhythmias
- B. Low-protein intake
- C. Exposure to cool weather
- D. Cigarette smoking
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cigarette smoking. Smoking is a major risk factor for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) as it can lead to the narrowing of blood vessels, reducing blood flow to the extremities. This can result in the development of PAD. Smoking cessation is crucial in preventing and managing PAD.
Rationale for other choices:
A: Dysrhythmias - Dysrhythmias are irregular heartbeats and are not a major risk factor for PAD.
B: Low-protein intake - While poor nutrition can impact overall health, low-protein intake is not a major risk factor specifically for PAD.
C: Exposure to cool weather - Cool weather exposure can exacerbate symptoms in individuals with PAD, but it is not a major risk factor for developing the condition.
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A toddler requires supplemental oxygen therapy for a cyanotic heart defect. In planning for home care, the nurse would discuss which of the following with the parents?
- A. The need to maintain the child on bedrest.
- B. Means of promoting mobility while meeting the need for supplemental oxygen.
- C. Symptoms of oxygen toxicity.
- D. How to draw blood for blood gases.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because promoting mobility while meeting the need for supplemental oxygen is crucial for the toddler's development and overall well-being. Bedrest (A) is not recommended for a toddler unless medically necessary. Discussing symptoms of oxygen toxicity (C) is important but not the priority in this case. Drawing blood for blood gases (D) is a medical procedure that should be performed by healthcare professionals, not parents. Prioritizing mobility and oxygen therapy helps maintain the child's physical health and supports their growth and development.
The nurse is teaching the client about taking an ACE inhibitor. A typical side effect of an ACE inhibitor explained to the client is what?
- A. Cough
- B. Bradycardia
- C. Hypokalemia
- D. Weight gain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cough. ACE inhibitors can cause a dry, persistent cough due to increased levels of bradykinin. This effect is common and important for clients to be aware of. Bradycardia (B) is not a typical side effect of ACE inhibitors. Hypokalemia (C) can occur but is not a direct side effect. Weight gain (D) is not associated with ACE inhibitors. Therefore, A is the correct choice.
The client is being fitted for a Holter Monitor. What does the nurse tell the client in preparation for the test?
- A. The client should lie motionless for the test.
- B. The client can shower but cannot bathe.
- C. The test will take about 30 minutes.
- D. The client should record the time of any palpable events, such as palpitations.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the client should record the time of any palpable events, such as palpitations, during the Holter Monitor test to correlate symptoms with the recorded heart rhythm. This information helps healthcare providers make an accurate diagnosis. Choice A is incorrect as the client can go about their usual activities during the test. Choice B is incorrect as the client can bathe normally while wearing the Holter monitor. Choice C is incorrect as the test typically lasts for 24 to 48 hours, not just 30 minutes.
The client is on hydrochlorothiazide and digoxin. What effect can the nurse expect?
- A. Hydrochlorothiazide increases digoxin levels.
- B. Hydrochlorothiazide decreases digoxin levels.
- C. Hydrochlorothiazide decreases potassium, increasing the risk of digoxin toxicity.
- D. Digoxin can increase the effectiveness of hydrochlorothiazide.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hydrochlorothiazide decreases potassium, increasing the risk of digoxin toxicity.
Rationale:
1. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that can cause potassium loss.
2. Digoxin is a medication that requires adequate potassium levels for proper function.
3. Low potassium levels can potentiate the toxicity of digoxin, leading to adverse effects.
Summary:
A: Incorrect, hydrochlorothiazide does not increase digoxin levels.
B: Incorrect, hydrochlorothiazide's potassium-lowering effect can increase digoxin toxicity.
D: Incorrect, digoxin does not affect the effectiveness of hydrochlorothiazide.
A toddler requires supplemental oxygen therapy for a cyanotic heart defect. In planning for home care, the nurse would discuss which of the following with the parents?
- A. The need to maintain the child on bedrest.
- B. Means of promoting mobility while meeting the need for supplemental oxygen.
- C. Symptoms of oxygen toxicity.
- D. How to draw blood for blood gases.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because promoting mobility while meeting the need for supplemental oxygen is crucial for the toddler's overall well-being. This helps prevent complications such as pneumonia and promotes physical development. Maintaining the child on bedrest (A) is not recommended as it can lead to muscle weakness and other health issues. Discussing symptoms of oxygen toxicity (C) is important but not the priority in this scenario. Drawing blood for blood gases (D) should be performed by healthcare professionals, not parents.