Nokea
In south and east Asia, a man may experience Koro, which is
- A. schizophrenia
- B. insanity
- C. anxiety about his penis receding into his body
- D. depression
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Koro is a culture-bound syndrome involving intense anxiety that one's penis is retracting into the body.
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What is the priority nursing intervention for a patient with bulimia nervosa who is engaging in purging behaviors?
- A. Monitor electrolyte levels and cardiac function.
- B. Encourage self-monitoring of food intake.
- C. Provide emotional support and promote body image acceptance.
- D. Focus on encouraging weight loss through diet control.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The priority nursing intervention for a patient with bulimia nervosa engaging in purging behaviors is to monitor electrolyte levels and cardiac function. This is crucial due to the potential electrolyte imbalances and cardiac complications resulting from purging behaviors. Monitoring these parameters helps prevent life-threatening conditions such as hypokalemia and arrhythmias.
Option B is incorrect as self-monitoring of food intake may not address the immediate health risks associated with purging behaviors. Option C is also incorrect as emotional support and body image acceptance are important but not the immediate priority in this case. Option D is incorrect as focusing on weight loss through diet control can exacerbate the patient's eating disorder behaviors and does not address the urgent medical concerns associated with purging.
A patient diagnosed with schizophrenia has difficulty completing tasks and seems forgetful and disinterested in unit activities. A nurse can best select successful strategies by understanding that these behaviors are due to:
- A. a lack of self-esteem.
- B. manipulative tendencies.
- C. shyness and embarrassment.
- D. problems in cognitive functioning.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: problems in cognitive functioning. In schizophrenia, cognitive deficits are common, leading to difficulties in completing tasks, forgetfulness, and lack of interest. Understanding this helps the nurse select appropriate strategies, such as breaking tasks into smaller steps. Choice A (lack of self-esteem) is incorrect as cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are not solely related to self-esteem. Choice B (manipulative tendencies) is incorrect as these behaviors are not indicative of manipulation. Choice C (shyness and embarrassment) is incorrect as cognitive deficits in schizophrenia go beyond social anxiety.
People who experience psychotic disorders lose:
- A. The will to continue
- B. Contact with reality
- C. The ability to comply with treatment
- D. Contact with intellectual functions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Certainly! The correct answer is B: People who experience psychotic disorders lose contact with reality. Psychotic disorders involve a disconnection from reality, leading to hallucinations, delusions, and impaired thinking. This loss of contact with reality is a hallmark of psychotic disorders.
As for the other choices:
A: The will to continue - While individuals with psychotic disorders may struggle with motivation, this is not the primary feature of psychotic disorders.
C: The ability to comply with treatment - While compliance with treatment may be challenging, it is not the core aspect of psychotic disorders.
D: Contact with intellectual functions - While psychotic disorders can impact cognitive abilities, the defining characteristic is the loss of contact with reality rather than intellectual functions.
It is a secondary dementia indicated by loss of recent memory and disorientation to time and place.
- A. Alzheimer's disease.
- B. Vascular dementia.
- C. Lewy body dementia.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's disease is a common type of dementia characterized by progressive cognitive decline, including loss of recent memory and disorientation to time and place. This is due to the accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Vascular dementia (B) is caused by reduced blood flow to the brain, leading to cognitive impairment. Lewy body dementia (C) is characterized by the presence of abnormal protein deposits called Lewy bodies in the brain. Choosing D (None of the above) would be incorrect as Alzheimer's disease specifically matches the description provided in the question.
A 79-year-old white male tells a nurse, 'I have felt very sad lately. I do not have much to live for. My family and friends are all dead, and my own health is failing.' The nurse should analyze this comment as:
- A. normal pessimism of the elderly
- B. evidence of risks for suicide
- C. a call for sympathy
- D. normal grieving
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient describes loss of significant others, economic security, and health. He describes mood alteration and voices the thought that he has little to live for. Combined with his age, sex, and single status, each is a risk factor for suicide. Elderly white males have the highest risk for completed suicide.