Nokea
In the Field Health Services and Information System (FHSIS) in the Philippines, the monthly field health service activity report is a form used in which component of the FHSIS?
- A. Tally report
- B. Output report
- C. Target/client list
- D. Individual health record
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tally report. In the FHSIS, the monthly field health service activity report is used to tally and summarize the health services provided within a specific period. It helps track the number of services rendered and monitor performance indicators. The other choices are incorrect because:
B: Output report usually presents processed data in a structured format.
C: Target/client list is a list of clients or individuals targeted for specific health services.
D: Individual health record contains detailed health information of a specific individual, not a summary of services provided. In conclusion, the monthly field health service activity report in FHSIS is specifically designed for tallying and summarizing service activities, making option A the correct choice.
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Which statistic can provide the most accurate reflection of the health status of a community?
- A. 1-4 year old age-specific mortality rate
- B. Infant mortality rate
- C. Swaroop's index
- D. Crude death rate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Swaroop's index. This index considers the age distribution of deaths, providing a more accurate reflection of the health status of a community compared to other statistics. A focuses on a specific age group, limiting the scope. B solely focuses on infant deaths, ignoring other age groups. D is a basic measure that doesn't consider age distribution, leading to potential inaccuracies in reflecting the overall health status of the community. Swaroop's index is a comprehensive indicator that considers all age groups, making it the most accurate choice for assessing the health status of a community.
Why is iron supplementation given to pregnant women?
- A. To prevent anemia
- B. To promote fetal growth
- C. To prevent premature labor
- D. To prevent postpartum hemorrhage
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Iron supplementation is given to pregnant women to prevent anemia. During pregnancy, iron requirements increase to support the growing fetus and maternal blood volume expansion. Anemia in pregnancy can lead to complications such as low birth weight, preterm birth, and maternal fatigue. Iron is essential for the production of hemoglobin, which carries oxygen to the tissues. Therefore, ensuring adequate iron levels helps prevent anemia and supports the health of both the mother and the baby.
Summary:
- A: Correct. Prevents anemia by supporting hemoglobin production.
- B: Incorrect. Fetal growth is influenced by various factors, not just iron.
- C: Incorrect. Premature labor is not directly prevented by iron supplementation.
- D: Incorrect. Postpartum hemorrhage is more related to factors like uterine atony, not iron levels.
Which of the following is a natality rate?
- A. Crude birth rate
- B. Neonatal mortality rate
- C. Infant mortality rate
- D. General fertility rate
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crude birth rate. Natality rate refers to the number of live births per 1,000 people in a population per year. The crude birth rate includes all live births in a population without any adjustments.
B: Neonatal mortality rate measures the number of deaths within the first 28 days of life per 1,000 live births.
C: Infant mortality rate measures the number of deaths within the first year of life per 1,000 live births.
D: General fertility rate measures the number of live births per 1,000 women of childbearing age.
Which of the following is an appropriate site for administration of DPT vaccine?
- A. Deltoid muscle
- B. Vastus lateralis muscle
- C. Gluteus maximus muscle
- D. Abdomen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vastus lateralis muscle. The vastus lateralis is a recommended site for administration of DPT vaccine in infants and young children. It is a large muscle located in the thigh, providing a well-developed area for injection with minimal risk of hitting nerves or blood vessels. The site is easily accessible, especially for parents or caregivers administering the vaccine.
Choice A (Deltoid muscle) is more commonly used in adults, not preferred for infants. Choices C (Gluteus maximus muscle) and D (Abdomen) are not recommended sites for DPT vaccine administration due to potential risk of hitting sciatic nerve in the gluteal region and abdominal organs in the abdomen, respectively.
In a municipality with a population of about 20,000, estimate the number of 1-4 year old children who should be given Retinol capsules 200,000 every 6 months.
- A. 1,500
- B. 1,800
- C. 2,000
- D. 2,300
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (2,300). To estimate the number of 1-4 year old children who should be given Retinol capsules 200,000 every 6 months in the municipality, we can use the rule of thumb that around 10-15% of the population falls within the 1-4 age group. With a population of 20,000, this translates to approximately 2,000-3,000 children. Since 200,000 capsules are provided every 6 months, we can divide this by the number of children to determine the number of capsules per child. Therefore, 200,000 / 2,300 ≈ 87 capsules per child over 6 months, which is a reasonable estimate.
Summary of other choices:
A: 1,500 - This is too low given the population estimate and age group percentage.
B: 1,800 - This is also too low given the population estimate and age group percentage.
C