Nokea
In the process of development the individual strives to maintain, protect, and enhance the integrity of the self. The nurse determines that this usually is accomplished through the use of:
- A. affective reactions
- B. withdrawal patterns
- C. ritualistic behaviors
- D. defense mechanisms
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Defense mechanisms protect the ego by managing anxiety and maintaining self-integrity, per psychoanalytic theory.
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A male client has approached the nurse asking for advice on how to deal with his alcohol addiction. The nurse should tell the client that the only effective treatment for alcoholism is:
- A. Psychotherapy
- B. Total abstinence
- C. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA)
- D. Aversion therapy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Total abstinence is the only effective treatment for alcoholism. Psychotherapy, attendance at AA meetings, and aversion therapy are all adjunctive therapies that can support the client in his efforts to abstain.
As part of a career day presentation to a group of nursing students, a psychiatricmental health nurse plans to describe how this specialty developed. Which individual would the nurse describe as playing a major role in the development of specialty training programs for psychiatric nurses?
- A. Mary Adelaide Nutting
- B. Hildegarde Peplau
- C. Harriet Bailey
- D. Linda Richards
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hildegarde Peplau developed the first graduate program in psychiatric nursing at Rutgers (1954), significantly advancing specialty training.
A nursing instructor is preparing a presentation about key events and people that influenced the development of contemporary mental health and illness care. When describing the effects of World War II, which of the following would the instructor include?
- A. People began to view mental illness as more commonplace and acceptable.
- B. The biologic understanding of mental illness was almost fully developed.
- C. Deinstitutionalization occurred in response to the community health movement.
- D. Mental illnesses became categorized as psychoses or neuroses.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: World War II increased awareness of mental health issues due to soldiers' psychological struggles, making mental illness more commonplace and acceptable in public perception.
For a female client with anorexia nervosa, the nurse plans to include the parents in therapy sessions along with the client. What fact should the nurse remember to be typical of parents of clients with anorexia nervosa?
- A. They tend to overprotect their children
- B. They usually have a history of substance abuse
- C. They maintain emotional distance from their children
- D. They alternate between loving and rejecting their children
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clients with anorexia nervosa typically come from a family with parents who are controlling and overprotective. These clients use eating to gain control of an aspect of their lives. The characteristics described in options B, C, and D aren't typical of parents of children with anorexia.
Which approaches should a nurse use during crisis intervention?
- A. Active
- B. Passive
- C. automative
- D. Interpretative
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Active and reflective approaches guide crisis intervention effectively.