Nokea
In truncus arteriosus, all the following are true EXCEPT
- A. VSD is always present
- B. clinical manifestations are characterized by severe cyanosis and the degree of cyanosis are high
- C. both ventricles fail clinically
- D. cyanosis is usually mild
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cyanosis is usually mild initially in truncus arteriosus.
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All of the following are true regarding intussusception in children, except
- A. It is more common in boys than girls
- B. Adeno virus C has been implicated
- C. Urgent barium meal follow-through is the investigation of choice
- D. Postoperative intussusception is commonly ileoileal
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Urgent barium meal follow-through is not the investigation of choice for intussusception; ultrasound is preferred for diagnosis.
The following procedures may abort an attack of SVT EXCEPT
- A. placing of the face in ice water
- B. straining
- C. breath holding
- D. standing on head
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Standing on the head is not a practical or effective method to terminate SVT.
The school nurse has been following a child who frequently complains of dizziness and headache. Today, she is brought in after fainting in the cafeteria following a nosebleed. Her BP is 122/85, and her radial pulses are bounding. The nurse suspects she has:
- A. Transposition of the great vessels
- B. Coarctation of the aorta (COA)
- C. Aortic stenosis (AS)
- D. Pulmonic stenosis (PS)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In older children, COA can cause elevated blood pressure, headache, fainting, and bounding radial pulses.
ECG
- A. Bifid P waves in large VSD
- B. Complete Ht block in cyanotic attacks of fallots
- C. RBBB in Ebstein anomaly
- D. Right axis deviation in tricuspid atresia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In Ebstein's anomaly, right bundle branch block (RBBB) is commonly seen on ECG.
True statements about the use of the new Child Health Foundation growth charts include:
- A. Immediate referral is advised if the height of a child is on the second centile
- B. The midparental height of a child, whose parents are 176 and 160 cm tall, is 175 cm
- C. They can be used for all children including those with Down's syndrome
- D. The target centile range for a girl is midparental height ± 10 cm
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The growth charts are designed to be inclusive and can be used for children with Down's syndrome, among others.