Nokea
In ventricular arrythmia:
- A. PR interval is prolonged
- B. Common in thyrotoxicosis
- C. Synchronised DC shock is the treatment of choice
- D. IV adenosine treatment is effective
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Synchronised DC shock is the treatment of choice: In cases of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, such as ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia, synchronized direct current shock (DC shock) is the recommended treatment.
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A nurse assesses a client who is recovering from a myocardial infarction. The client’s pulmonary artery pressure reading is 25/12 mm Hg. Which action should the nurse take first?
- A. Compare the results with previous pulmonary artery pressure readings.
- B. Increase the intravenous fluid rate because these readings are low.
- C. Immediately notify the health care provider of the elevated pressures.
- D. Document the finding in the client’s chart as the only action.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Comparing the current pulmonary artery pressure readings with previous ones helps determine if the values are stable or changing, which guides further intervention.
Concerning SLE:
- A. Antibodies against double standard RNA are a typical finding
- B. Haematoxylin bodies occur in areas of inflammation
- C. Usually progresses to renal failure within two years
- D. Alopecia is a recognised finding
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Alopecia is a recognized clinical feature of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), often associated with disease activity.
What finding would the nurse expect when measuring blood pressure on all four extremities of a child with coarctation of the aorta?
- A. Blood pressure higher on the right side
- B. Blood pressure higher on the left side
- C. Blood pressure lower in the arms than in the legs
- D. Blood pressure lower in the legs than in the arms
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The characteristic symptoms of coarctation of the aorta are a marked difference in blood pressure and pulses between the upper and lower extremities. Pressure is increased proximal to the defect and decreased distal to the coarctation.
Examples of cyanotic heart disease include:
- A. Ebstein's anomaly
- B. Pulmonary stenosis
- C. Coarctation of aorta
- D. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is a form of cyanotic heart disease. Ebstein's anomaly and pulmonary stenosis can also cause cyanosis, but coarctation of the aorta typically does not.
Elevated levels of CPK are seen in:
- A. Duchenne muscular dystrophy
- B. Dermatomyositis
- C. Spinal muscular atrophy
- D. Malignant hyperthermia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels are a hallmark of Duchenne muscular dystrophy due to muscle damage and degeneration.