LPN Fundamentals of Nursing Quizlet

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In Virginia Henderson's 1966 definition of nursing, a person/client has which of the following numbers of fundamental needs?

  • A. 7
  • B. 14
  • C. 18
  • D. 22
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Virginia Henderson's 1966 definition identifies 14 fundamental needs that nursing addresses to help clients achieve independence or a peaceful death. These include breathing, eating, elimination, and rest, among others, forming a comprehensive framework for holistic care. Unlike narrower or broader counts, 14 captures the essentials Henderson deemed universal, guiding nurses to assess and support each area. For example, assisting a client with mobility meets one need, while ensuring nutrition meets another, illustrating practical application. This specificity distinguishes her model, balancing detail with practicality in nursing practice.

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Which position is recommended for a patient who has difficulty breathing or respiratory distress?

  • A. Supine position
  • B. Prone position
  • C. Fowler's position
  • D. Side-lying position
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: For patients struggling with breathing or respiratory distress, elevating the head in a sitting or semi-sitting position maximizes lung expansion and eases respiratory effort. This approach leverages gravity to assist diaphragm movement, improving oxygenation, which is vital in conditions like pneumonia or heart failure. Lying flat on the back can compress the chest, worsening distress, while lying on the stomach is impractical and may obstruct airflow for such patients. Positioning on the side might help in specific cases, like unilateral lung issues, but it's less universally effective for general respiratory support. Nurses choose this position to optimize airway clearance and comfort, directly addressing the physiological need for better ventilation in acute respiratory challenges.

A healthcare professional is preparing to administer medications to a client who has an NG tube for continuous feedings. Which of the following actions should the healthcare professional take?

  • A. Add crushed medications to the enteral feeding.
  • B. Infuse each medication by gravity.
  • C. Administer the medications through a syringe.
  • D. Flush the NG tube with 5 mL of sterile water.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Administering medications through a syringe is the correct action to take when a client has an NG tube for continuous feedings to ensure that each medication is delivered correctly and is not mixed with the enteral feeding. This method helps prevent drug interactions and ensures proper administration of each medication.

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a prescription for digoxin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

  • A. Take your pulse before taking the medication.
  • B. Take the medication with an antacid.
  • C. Double the dose if you miss one.
  • D. Take the medication with a high-fiber meal.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

High-pitched gurgles heard over the right lower quadrant are:

  • A. A sign of increased bowel motility
  • B. A sign of decreased bowel motility
  • C. Normal bowel sounds
  • D. A sign of abdominal cramping
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Which of the following statement is TRUE about responsibility?

  • A. The nurse can delegate all her tasks
  • B. Means the nurse is liable for her actions
  • C. The nurse should not accept tasks she's not competent
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

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