Nokea
In which congenital heart defect (CHD) would the nurse need to take upper and lower extremity BPs?
- A. Transposition of the great vessels
- B. Aortic stenosis (AS)
- C. Coarctation of the aorta (COA)
- D. Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: COA causes increased blood pressure and strong pulses in the upper extremities with lower-than-expected BP and weak pulses in the lower extremities.
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An asymptomatic 45-year old male with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation and normal echo, refused cardioversion while suggested. The next optimal management strategy for him is
- A. Sedate and cardiovert against patient wishes
- B. Aspirin
- C. Anticoagulation
- D. Rate control
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rate control is the optimal management strategy for asymptomatic atrial fibrillation when cardioversion is refused.
Causes of a dilated renal pelvis in a foetal scan include:
- A. Normal variant
- B. Vesico-ureteric reflux
- C. Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction
- D. Multicystic kidney
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A dilated renal pelvis can be a normal variant in a foetal scan, often resolving spontaneously without intervention.
What is the Duke Treadmill score for a patient who exercised for 10 minutes (12 METS) and had a maximum of 1 mm ST depression at peak exercise without angina?
- A. 5
- B. 7
- C. 9
- D. 10
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Duke Treadmill score is calculated based on exercise duration
The nurse is completing the preoperative assessment of a client who is scheduled for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. Which finding warrants notification of the healthcare provider prior to proceeding with the scheduled procedure?
- A. Light yellow coloring of the client's skin and eyes
- B. The client's blood pressure reading is 184/88 mm Hg.
- C. The client vomits 20 ml of clear yellowish fluid
- D. The IV insertion site is red, swollen, and leaking IV fluid
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: High blood pressure increases the risk of complications during surgery and needs to be addressed before proceeding.
The following conditions are associated with hyperammonaemia:
- A. Reye syndrome
- B. Citrullinaemia
- C. Methylmalonic acidaemia
- D. Homocystinuria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Reye syndrome is associated with hyperammonaemia due to liver dysfunction and impaired urea cycle function, leading to ammonia accumulation.