Nokea
In which order do these events occur in human nutrition?
- A. digestion→ ingestion→ absorption→ assimilation
- B. digestion→ ingestion→ assimilation→ absorption
- C. ingestion→ digestion→ absorption→ assimilation
- D. ingestion→ digestion→ assimilation→ absorption
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Food is first ingested, then digested, absorbed into the bloodstream, and finally assimilated into cells.
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Succus entericus is secreted by-
- A. Gastric glands
- B. Islets of Langerhans
- C. Crypts of Lieberkuhn & Brunner's gland
- D. Goblet cells
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Succus entericus is secreted by Crypts of Lieberkuhn and Brunner's glands.
Which process matches the definition: The uptake of substances by the GI tract?
- A. Absorption
- B. Ingestion
- C. Peristalsis
- D. Assimilation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Absorption is the process by which nutrients are taken up from the GI tract into the bloodstream.
If the sphincter at the top of the stomach is not working properly what do we suffer from?
- A. Heart burn
- B. Constipation
- C. Heart attack
- D. Diarrhea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A malfunctioning lower esophageal sphincter allows acid reflux, causing heartburn. Constipation, heart attacks, and diarrhea are unrelated to this sphincter.
What are the substrate and end-products of digestion by the enzyme lipase?
- A. substrate: triglycerides, end-products: fatty acids and glycerol
- B. substrate: proteins, end-products: amino acids
- C. substrate: carbohydrates, end-products: monosaccharides
- D. substrate: nucleic acids, end-products: nucleotides
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lipase hydrolyzes triglycerides into their component fatty acids and glycerol.
Match: Lacteal
- A. absorbs fat within the villi
- B. transports oxygen
- C. produces mucus
- D. secretes enzymes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lacteals are lymphatic capillaries within the villi that absorb dietary fats.