Nokea
Inability to do which of the following in a 20-month child is cause for concern?
- A. Speak in clear two to three word phrases
- B. Walk unaided
- C. Kick a ball
- D. Build a tower of 8 blocks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Inability to walk unaided by 20 months is a red flag for developmental delay. Other skills are more variable and less concerning if delayed.
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Blau syndrome is associated with
- A. Amyloidosis
- B. Sarcoidosis
- C. Hemochromatosis
- D. Myeloma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Blau syndrome is associated with sarcoidosis
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who is receiving prednisone (Deltasone) 5 mg PO daily for a rash due to contact with poison ivy. Which symptom should the nurse tell the client to report to the healthcare provider?
- A. Rapid weight gain
- B. Increased energy levels.
- C. Frequent headaches.
- D. Dry mouth.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rapid weight gain may indicate fluid retention, a side effect of prednisone that requires medical evaluation.
An 8-month-old infant has a hypercyanotic spell while blood is being drawn. What is the priority nursing action?
- A. Assess for neurologic defects
- B. Place the child in the knee-chest position
- C. Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation
- D. Prepare family for imminent death
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The first action is to place the infant in the knee-chest position. Blow-by oxygen may be indicated. Neurologic defects are unlikely. The child should be assessed for airway, breathing, and circulation. Often, calming the child and administering oxygen and morphine can alleviate the hypercyanotic spell.
Tests used in establishing a diagnosis of coeliac disease are:
- A. IgA anti-endomysial antibodies
- B. IgM anti-reticulin antibodies
- C. IgA anti-gliadin antibodies
- D. Duodenal biopsy
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A duodenal biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing coeliac disease, as it provides histological confirmation of the disease.
Drugs to be avoided in renal failure include:
- A. Allopurinol
- B. Digoxin
- C. Ceftazidime
- D. Acyclovir
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digoxin is avoided in renal failure due to its narrow therapeutic index and renal excretion, which can lead to toxicity.