Nokea
Inclisiran used in the treatment of dyslipidemia is chemically a
- A. Synthetic RNA
- B. Synthetic histone
- C. Synthetic DNA
- D. Synthetic mitochondria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Inclisiran is a synthetic RNA molecule used to lower cholesterol levels.
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The following are recognised in coeliac disease:
- A. Oesophageal carcinoma
- B. Malignant lymphoma
- C. Hyposplenism
- D. Amyloidosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyposplenism: Coeliac disease is associated with hyposplenism, which can result in impaired immune responses and increased susceptibility to infections.
Clinical diagnostic clues in an adolescent female with chronic cough:
- A. Pale stools and diarrhoea
- B. Aspergillus precipitin positive
- C. Calcified bronchopulmonary lymph nodes
- D. Whooping cough in the past
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Aspergillus precipitin positive: A positive Aspergillus precipitin test indicates Aspergillus exposure, which could lead to chronic pulmonary issues, especially in immunocompromised individuals.
Medical treatment of myasthenia gravis includes:
- A. Thymectomy
- B. Physostigmine
- C. Edrophonium
- D. Anticholinergic agents
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Edrophonium: Edrophonium is used in the diagnosis and short-term treatment of myasthenia gravis as it improves neuromuscular transmission by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase.
An older male client with long-standing lung disease is admitted to the medical unit for treatment of pulmonary infection. In assessing for signs of increasing hypoxia, which action should the nurse include? (select all that apply)
- A. Monitor dryness of mucous membranes
- B. Check for changes in mentation
- C. Observe color of skin and nailbeds
- D. Note appearance of jugular veins
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Changes in mentation, skin color, and breathing patterns are key indicators of hypoxia in clients with lung disease.
During a well baby examination of a 6-week-old infant, poor weight gain, acrocyanosis of the hands and feet, and a respiratory rate of 60 breaths per minute are noted. Oxygen saturation on room air is 93%. What is the correct action?
- A. Follow-up in 1 week to assess the infant's weight.
- B. Order a chest radiograph and an electrocardiogram.
- C. Reassure the parents that the exam is within normal limits.
- D. Refer the infant to a pediatric cardiologist.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Infants with oxygen saturation less than 95% and those with poor feeding should be referred emergently to a cardiologist.