Nokea
Increased pulmonary markings (increased pulmonary blood flow) is seen in
- A. pulmonary atresia
- B. truncus arteriosus
- C. tetralogy of Fallot
- D. tricuspid atresia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Truncus arteriosus results in increased pulmonary blood flow leading to increased pulmonary markings on chest X-ray.
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In D-transposition of the great vessels, accounts for =5% of all congenital heart disease. In this anomaly, the following are true EXCEPT
- A. the pulmonary artery is anterior and to the left of the aorta
- B. pulmonary veins return to the left atrium
- C. connections between the atria and ventricles are normal
- D. aorta is posterior and to the right of the pulmonary artery
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pulmonary artery is anterior and to the left of the aorta in normal anatomy.
Management of thalassaemia includes:
- A. Whole blood transfusions
- B. Pneumovax
- C. Bone marrow transplant
- D. Penicillin V prophylaxis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because bone marrow transplant is a curative treatment for thalassaemia. The other options (a, b, d, e) are supportive treatments but not curative.
All of the following are true regarding transient neonatal pustular melanosis, except
- A. Increased melanization of epidermal cells is characteristic
- B. Active phase shows intracorneal or subcorneal pustules filled with eosinophils
- C. Pustular phase rarely lasts more than 2-3 days
- D. Lesions of pustular melanosis do not contain bacteria
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The active phase of transient neonatal pustular melanosis shows pustules filled with neutrophils, not eosinophils.
In hyper cyanotic spells in Fallots tetralogy
- A. Hypoxia is there
- B. Murmur disappear
- C. Right to left shunt increases
- D. Acidosis occur
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During hypercyanotic spells in Tetralogy of Fallot, the right-to-left shunt increases, leading to worsening cyanosis.
A VII nerve injury at the exit from the stylomastoid foramen would explain all except:
- A. Loss of sensation over the vallecula
- B. Loss of taste over the anterior third of the tongue
- C. Increased responsiveness to loud noises
- D. Inability to open the ipsilateral eye
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the facial nerve (VII) does not control eye opening; this is controlled by the oculomotor nerve (III). The other options (a, b, c, e) are consistent with a VII nerve injury.