Nokea
Interferon alfa-2b (Intron A) has been prescribed to treat a client with chronic hepatitis B. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following adverse effects?
- A. Retinopathy.
- B. Constipation.
- C. Flulike symptoms.
- D. Hypoglycemia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Interferon alfa-2b commonly causes flulike symptoms (C), such as fever, chills, and fatigue, which are expected adverse effects. Retinopathy (A), constipation (B), and hypoglycemia (D) are not typically associated with this medication.
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The client with Cushing's disease needs to modify dietary intake to control symptoms. In addition to increasing protein, which strategy would be most appropriate?
- A. Increase calories.
- B. Restrict sodium.
- C. Restrict potassium.
- D. Reduce fat to 10%.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Restricting sodium helps manage fluid retention and hypertension in Cushing's disease due to aldosterone excess.
One goal in caring for a client with arterial occlusive disease is to promote vasodilation in the affected extremity. To achieve this goal, the nurse encourages the client to:
- A. Apply heat to the extremity
- B. Elevate the legs above the heart
- C. Stop smoking
- D. Begin a jogging program
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Stopping smoking promotes vasodilation by reducing nicotine-induced vasoconstriction and improving endothelial function, critical in arterial occlusive disease. Applying heat risks burns in ischemic tissue, elevating legs worsens arterial flow, and jogging may be contraindicated due to claudication.
The client who experiences angina has been told to follow a low-cholesterol diet. Which of the following meals should the nurse tell the client would be best on her low-cholesterol diet?
- A. Hamburger, salad, and milkshake.
- B. Baked liver, green beans, and coffee.
- C. Spaghetti with tomato sauce, salad, and coffee.
- D. Fried chicken, green beans, and skim milk.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spaghetti with tomato sauce, salad, and coffee is low in cholesterol, unlike hamburger, liver, or fried chicken, which contain higher cholesterol or saturated fats.
What should the nurse include in the care plan for a client with a spinal cord injury?
- A. Frequent repositioning.
- B. High-protein diet.
- C. Limited mobility exercises.
- D. Fluid restriction.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Frequent repositioning prevents pressure ulcers in clients with spinal cord injuries.
A nurse is caring for a client at home on hospice care for terminal renal cancer. People are calling the nurse to inquire about the client's condition. The nurse should tell the callers:
- A. Please call the oncologist.
- B. The client is in a coma now.
- C. Please call the client's sister.
- D. The client is not expected to live much longer.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Directing callers to the client's sister respects privacy and ensures consistent communication, aligning with the family's preferences in hospice care.