Nokea
Is the parietal pleura a visceral membrane?
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. Not Sure
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The statement that the parietal pleura is a visceral membrane is false. The parietal pleura is actually a membrane that lines the thoracic cavity and is responsible for protecting and cushioning the lungs. Visceral pleura, on the other hand, is the membrane that covers the surface of the lungs. Therefore, the parietal pleura is not a visceral membrane, making the correct answer 'False.' Choices C and D are not relevant as the question is asking for a true/false statement.
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Maintaining a stable internal environment typically requires
- A. positive feedback mechanisms.
- B. an unstable outside environment.
- C. decreased atmospheric pressure.
- D. negative feedback mechanisms.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'negative feedback mechanisms.' In biological systems, negative feedback mechanisms help maintain homeostasis by counteracting any deviations from the set point. They work to stabilize internal conditions and keep them within a narrow range. On the other hand, positive feedback mechanisms amplify changes and are not involved in maintaining stability. Choice B, 'an unstable outside environment,' is incorrect as internal stability is independent of external conditions like weather. Choice C, 'decreased atmospheric pressure,' is also incorrect as it does not directly relate to internal homeostasis.
In all organisms, what is the basic unit of structure and function?
- A. the atom
- B. the molecule
- C. the macromolecule
- D. the cell
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is 'the cell.' Cells are considered the basic unit of structure and function in all living organisms. While atoms are the smallest units of matter, they do not represent the basic unit of structure and function in organisms. Molecules are made up of atoms and can vary in size and complexity, but they are not the fundamental unit of life. Macromolecules are large molecules essential for life processes, but they are composed of atoms and do not function as the basic unit of structure and function in organisms. Therefore, the cell, with its organelles and specialized functions, is the correct answer.
Is the parietal pericardium attached to the surface of the heart?
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. Not Sure
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The parietal pericardium is a tough, fibrous outer layer that is attached to the diaphragm and the sternum but not directly to the surface of the heart. It forms a sac around the heart known as the pericardial sac. Therefore, the statement that the parietal pericardium is attached to the surface of the heart is false.
The anatomical term that indicates a structure close to the surface is
- A. anterior
- B. proximal
- C. superficial
- D. superior
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is 'superficial.' In anatomy, the term 'superficial' refers to a structure that is close to the surface of the body. Choice A, 'anterior,' refers to the front of the body, not specifically to depth. Choice B, 'proximal,' refers to a structure that is closer to the point of attachment or trunk of the body. Choice D, 'superior,' indicates a structure that is above or higher in position.
What does magnetic resonance imaging use?
- A. X-rays.
- B. a radio antenna.
- C. radioisotopes.
- D. high-frequency sound waves.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses high-frequency sound waves to create detailed images of the inside of the body. X-rays (Choice A) use electromagnetic radiation, not sound waves, making it an incorrect choice. A radio antenna (Choice B) is used for communication, not for MRI imaging. Radioisotopes (Choice C) are used in nuclear medicine imaging techniques, not in MRI scans. Therefore, the correct answer is high-frequency sound waves (Choice D) as they are utilized in MRI technology to produce images.