Nokea
It mandates the compulsory Immunization of children below 8 years
- A. PD 996
- B. RA 11223
- C. RA 9173
- D. RA 10912
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Republic Act 9173, also known as the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002, mandates the compulsory immunization of children below 8 years. This law ensures that young children receive necessary vaccines to protect them from preventable diseases and promote public health. RA 9173 is a significant legislation that highlights the importance of immunization in safeguarding the well-being of children in the Philippines.
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Ella states'I will hang my self' this is a manifestation of:
- A. Denial
- B. Suicidal intent
- C. Suicidal threat
- D. Paranoia.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ella's statement "I will hang myself" directly indicates a desire and intent to commit suicide. This is classified as a suicidal intent, which is a serious concern that requires immediate attention and intervention. It is crucial to take any mention or indication of suicide seriously and seek help from mental health professionals or crisis intervention services.
A patient is exposed to the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and develops immunity against future infections. Which type of immunity is primarily responsible for this protection?
- A. Passive immunity
- B. Innate immunity
- C. Humoral immunity
- D. Cell-mediated immunity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Humoral immunity is primarily responsible for protecting against infections by pathogens like viruses. In the case of the hepatitis B virus (HBV), the individual is exposed to the virus and develops immunity, which is typically mediated by antibodies produced by B cells. These antibodies circulate in the blood and can neutralize the virus, preventing future infections. This type of immunity is known as humoral immunity, as it involves the production of antibodies that target specific antigens, such as those present on the surface of the hepatitis B virus. In contrast, passive immunity is when antibodies are transferred from an external source, innate immunity provides immediate, non-specific defenses against pathogens, and cell-mediated immunity involves the activation of T cells to combat intracellular pathogens.
The research team will use summary indicators of health as method to depict health status. What is this approach called?
- A. Analytic
- B. Descriptive
- C. Holistic
- D. Evaluative
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The approach of using summary indicators of health to depict health status is known as a descriptive approach. In this method, researchers aim to provide a clear and concise summary of the health status of a population or group. It involves presenting information in a straightforward manner, without making judgments or interpretations about the data. Descriptive statistics are often used in public health research to provide an overview of key health indicators and trends. This approach helps to identify patterns and characteristics within the data, which can then be used to inform decision-making and interventions aimed at improving health outcomes.
A patient in the ICU develops acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to sepsis. What intervention should the healthcare team prioritize to manage the patient's respiratory failure?
- A. Initiate lung-protective mechanical ventilation with low tidal volume.
- B. Administer inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) for pulmonary vasodilation.
- C. Perform prone positioning to improve oxygenation.
- D. Recommend high-dose corticosteroid therapy for anti-inflammatory effects.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ** In a patient with ARDS, the priority intervention to manage respiratory failure is to initiate lung-protective mechanical ventilation with low tidal volume. ARDS is characterized by widespread inflammation and injury to the alveoli, leading to impaired gas exchange and severe hypoxemia. Lung-protective ventilation strategies aim to minimize ventilator-induced lung injury by using lower tidal volumes (around 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) to reduce barotrauma and volutrauma.
The patient began receiving an intravenous (IV) infusion of packed red blood cells 30 minutes ago. The patient complains of difficulty of breathing, itching and a tight sensation in the chest. Which is the IMMEDIATE action of the nurse?
- A. Recheck the unit of blood for compatibility.
- B. Call the physician.
- C. Check the patient 's temperature.
- D. Stop the infusion.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The symptoms described by the patient indicate a potential transfusion reaction, such as a hemolytic reaction or allergic reaction. The immediate action the nurse should take in such a situation is to stop the infusion of the packed red blood cells. This will help prevent further complications and ensure the safety of the patient. After stopping the infusion, the nurse should assess the patient's condition, monitor vital signs, and inform the healthcare team, including the physician, regarding the situation. Once the patient is stable, further investigations can be conducted to determine the cause of the reaction.