Nokea
Joan is apprehensive about undergoing bronchoscopy. You respond by saying
- A. The thought of this procedure seems to be disturbing you. You will be sleeping during this procedure. I will ask your physician to visit you again and answer any questions that you might have regarding the procedure.
- B. Your physician has performed this procedure frequently.
- C. I had it performed 3 years ago and I was fine.
- D. You would not feel a thing. You will be fine.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Option A provides emotional support, reassurance, and an opportunity for further clarification, which is essential in reducing patient anxiety.
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Systolic hypertension and stroke are due to:
- A. Increased vascular stiffness related to structural changes
- B. Loss of peripheral vascular tone
- C. Buildup of soft plaque within the veins
- D. Changes within the basement membrane
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: As people age, arteries lose elasticity and become stiffer, leading to increased systolic blood pressure and higher risk of stroke.
Which vitamin does a client lack if there is a problem with the absorption of calcium?
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin B
- C. Vitamin C
- D. Vitamin D
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption in the intestines. A deficiency impairs this process.
You are caring for a patient with Sophaged cancer. Which task could be delegated to the nursing assistant?
- A. Assist the patient with oral hygiene.
- B. Observe the patient's response to feedings.
- C. Facilitate expression of grief or anxiety.
- D. Initiate daily weights.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oral hygiene is a basic care task that can be safely performed by a nursing assistant, while the other options require more advanced clinical judgment.
A client with tuberculosis is starting combination drug therapy. Which of the following medications should the nurse NOT plan to administer?
- A. Rifampin
- B. Isoniazid
- C. Acyclovir
- D. Pyrazinamide
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Acyclovir. Acyclovir is an antiviral medication used to treat herpes infections, not tuberculosis. Rifampin, Isoniazid, and Pyrazinamide are all first-line drugs for tuberculosis treatment. Rifampin is a bactericidal agent, Isoniazid disrupts mycobacterial cell wall synthesis, and Pyrazinamide targets actively replicating bacteria. Therefore, the nurse should not plan to administer Acyclovir as it is not indicated for tuberculosis treatment.
What are the priority medical interventions for a client experiencing shock?
- A. Decreased blood pressure
- B. Increased heart rate
- C. Fluid retention
- D. Muscle cramps
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Decreased blood pressure is a primary symptom in fluid imbalance as a result of inadequate circulating volume, leading to hypotension and possible shock.