Nokea
Kasabach-Merritt syndrome is characterized by all the following EXCEPT
- A. thrombocytopenia
- B. microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
- C. coagulopathy
- D. association with infantile hemangiomas
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kasabach-Merritt syndrome is not typically associated with hemangiomas.
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An infant can move his head from side to side while following a moving object, can lift his head from a prone position 45 degrees off the examining table, smiles when encouraged, and makes cooing sounds. He cannot maintain a seated position. The most likely age of the infant is:
- A. 1 month
- B. 3 months
- C. 6 months
- D. 9 months
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: At 3 months, infants typically develop the ability to lift their heads 45 degrees in prone, follow objects with their eyes, smile responsively, and make cooing sounds. They are not yet able to sit independently.
By the age of 7 months, the infant is able to do all the following EXCEPT
- A. transfer object from hand to hand
- B. actively bounces
- C. uses radial palm grasp
- D. roll over
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rolling over is usually achieved earlier, by 4-6 months, while other skills are typical for 7 months.
A 2-year-old male child has an asymptomatic right flank mass discovered incidentally by the mother while bathing. Suspicion of Wilms tumor is raised. Of the following, the LEAST likely investigation to be performed in this child is
- A. plain abdominal radiography
- B. computerized tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen
- C. CT scan of the chest
- D. biopsy of the mass
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Biopsy is generally avoided in suspected Wilms tumor to prevent upstaging the disease.
An adult is to receive an IM injection of Morphine for post op pain. Which of the following is necessary for the nurse to assess prior to giving a narcotic analgesic?
- A. The client's level of alertness and respiratory rate
- B. The last time the client ate or drank something
- C. The client's bowel habits and last bowel movement
- D. The client's history of addictions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When administering a narcotic analgesic like Morphine, assessing the client's level of alertness and respiratory rate is crucial to monitor for any adverse effects such as respiratory depression. Morphine can cause respiratory depression as one of its side effects, especially in higher doses. By assessing the client's respiratory rate and level of alertness before administering the medication, the nurse can ensure the client's safety and take appropriate action if any signs of respiratory depression occur. This assessment is essential in preventing potential complications and ensuring the client's well-being during pain management.
What should nursing interventions to maintain a patent airway in a newborn include?
- A. Sleeping in the prone (on abdomen) position
- B. Wrapping neonate as snugly as possible
- C. Positioning neonate supine while sleeping
- D. Using bulb syringe to suction as needed, suctioning nose first, and then pharynx
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nursing interventions to maintain a patent airway in a newborn should prioritize safety and best practices. Positioning the neonate supine while sleeping is crucial to reduce the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and ensure proper airway alignment. Using a bulb syringe to suction as needed, with the correct technique of suctioning the nose first and then the pharynx, helps effectively remove secretions and keep the airway clear. This intervention promotes optimal respiratory function and reduces the risk of airway obstruction in newborns. Sleeping in the prone position is not recommended due to the increased risk of SIDS. Wrapping the neonate as snugly as possible can also pose risks of overheating and compromising the airway, making it an unsafe practice.