Nokea
Lactacidosis is most frequent in the cases of:
- A. While treated with acarbose
- B. While treated with glibenclamid
- C. While treated with metformin
- D. Triamcinolone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin is the most common cause of lactic acidosis among antidiabetic drugs, particularly in renal failure.
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Patients who are on long-term aspirin therapy should have ____ annually.
- A. Complete blood count
- B. Salicylate level
- C. Amylase
- D. Urine analysis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Annual CBC monitors for aspirin-related bleeding; salicylate isn't routine yearly.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is starting Simvastatin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. Take this medication in the evening.
- B. Change position slowly when rising from a chair.
- C. Maintain a steady intake of green leafy vegetables.
- D. Consume no more than 1 L/day of fluid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Simvastatin is taken in the evening when cholesterol synthesis peaks.
A doctor orders 250 mL of IV fluid to be infused over 1 hour using microdrip tubing (60 gtt/mL). What is the flow rate in drops per minute?
- A. 100 gtt/min
- B. 120 gtt/min
- C. 150 gtt/min
- D. 250 gtt/min
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Flow rate = (250 mL 60 gtt/mL) ÷ (1 60) = 15,000 ÷ 60 = 250 gtt/min, matching microdrip where mL/hr = gtt/min.
Which of the following is natural mineralcorticoid:
- A. Methylprednisolone
- B. Betamethasone
- C. Triamcinolone
- D. Aldosterone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aldosterone is the natural mineralocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex.
Which statement is not correct about metformin:
- A. Is for internal use only
- B. Reduce weight, apetite
- C. More frequently causes nausea and vomiting comparing with other hypoglicemic drugs
- D. Use for diabetes mellitus type I
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Metformin is not typically used for type 1 diabetes, which requires insulin, as it acts on insulin sensitivity and hepatic glucose production.