Nokea
Lenore White is an 80-year-old woman who smokes two packs of cigarettes per day. What two ethical principles are in conflict?
- A. Beneficence and community
- B. Nonmaleficence and justice
- C. Autonomy and justice
- D. Autonomy and nonmaleficence
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse faces a dilemma between respecting autonomy (the patient’s choice to smoke) and preventing harm (nonmaleficence).
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On examination, a patient is noted to have a "mask-like" face with decreased blinking and a characteristic stare. These features may be characteristic of:
- A. Nephrotic syndrome
- B. Myxedema
- C. Cushing’s syndrome
- D. Parkinson disease
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A "mask-like" face is a classic feature of Parkinson’s disease.
Which of the following is false about the Veterans Health Administration?
- A. It is an integrated network of service providers across the United States.
- B. It serves a population with an average age of nearly 65 years.
- C. It provides care management only for individuals with disabilities that are service-related.
- D. It can provide older adults home-based primary care, geriatric assessment, and long-term care.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The Veterans Health Administration provides care to all veterans, regardless of whether their disabilities are service-related.
A nurse is working with an older adult who is at risk for malnutrition. Which of the following interventions is the most appropriate?
- A. Administer high-calorie supplements.
- B. Encourage intake of a variety of foods rich in vitamins and minerals.
- C. Restrict caloric intake to prevent weight gain.
- D. Focus on protein supplements exclusively.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A balanced diet with a variety of foods helps ensure adequate nutrition, including vitamins and minerals, in older adults.
The most common treatment for Helicobacter pylori is a triple therapy, interpreted as
- A. 2 antibiotics and proton pump inhibitor for 7-14 days
- B. 3 different antibiotics for 7-20 days
- C. 3 rounds of the same antibiotic over 3 weeks
- D. 2 proton pump inhibitors and 1 antibiotic for 7-14 days
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Triple therapy for H. pylori typically includes 2 antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor for 7-14 days.
What specific part of the eye is primarily examined using an ophthalmoscope?
- A. Cornea
- B. Lens
- C. Retina
- D. Iris
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An ophthalmoscope is used to examine the retina, which includes the optic disc and blood vessels.