Nokea
Loss of muscle coordination results from damage to the:
- A. cerebrum
- B. hypothalamus
- C. cerebellum
- D. thalamus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The cerebellum is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements and maintaining balance. Damage to the cerebellum results in loss of muscle coordination. The cerebrum, hypothalamus, thalamus, and midbrain have different functions. Thus, C is the correct answer.
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In obtaining the history for the patient with carpal tunnel syndrome, you would expect to note a history of
- A. Pain and numbness or tingling sensation in the hand (over the palmar surface of the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and lateral aspect of the ring finger) that is worse at night.
- B. Crepitus (grating feeling on palpation over joint during range of motion) due to loss of articular cartilage and bony overgrowth in joint.
- C. Excessive forward curvature of the thoracic spine (kyphosis) owing to pathologic vertebral fractures, and collapsing of the anterior portion of the vertebral bodies in the thoracic area.
- D. Acute onset of excruciating pain in joint because of accumulation of uric acid within the joint.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms include nocturnal pain and paresthesia in the median nerve distribution.
The ability to respond to a stimulus is termed:
- A. polarized
- B. irritability
- C. depolarized
- D. conductivity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Irritability is the ability of a neuron or cell to respond to a stimulus. Polarization and depolarization refer to the electrical state of the membrane, conductivity refers to the ability to transmit signals, and all-or-none response refers to the nature of action potentials. Therefore, B is the correct answer.
A dendrite conducts nerve impulses ________ the cell body.
- A. away from
- B. toward
- C. both toward and away from
- D. around, bypassing
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dendrites are specialized structures that receive nerve impulses from other neurons and conduct them toward the cell body. They are branched extensions that increase the surface area for receiving signals. The electrical signals generated by neurotransmitters binding to receptors on dendrites travel toward the cell body, where they are integrated to determine whether the neuron will fire an action potential. This directional flow is essential for neural communication.
What is the major focus for care today for a patient who is 1 day post-operative after a left below-the-knee amputation?
- A. To attain pain control for phantom pain.
- B. To monitor for signs of sufficient tissue perfusion.
- C. To assist the patient to ambulate as soon as possible.
- D. To elevate the residual limb when the patient is supine.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ensuring adequate tissue perfusion is critical in the immediate post-operative period to prevent complications.
A client who has a musculoskeletal problem is being discharged after a few days of hospital care. Why should the nurse consider factors related to the home environment while determining a plan for the continued rehabilitation of the client?
- A. To include additional care for clients who lack the basic amenities at home.
- B. To determine the client's access to the nearest drugstore.
- C. To modify the client's living arrangements or other accommodation changes.
- D. To determine if the client would continue with the self-care.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Understanding the home environment ensures the client can continue their rehabilitation effectively.