Nokea
__________ love is strong at the beginning of a relationship.
- A. Compassionate
- B. Affectionate
- C. Passionate
- D. Companionate
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Passionate love is characterized by intense emotions and physical attraction, which are common in the early stages of relationships. Compassionate love involves deep affection, but it develops over time based on mutual respect, trust, and intimacy. Affectionate love is warm and tender, but it may not necessarily have the intense emotions associated with passionate love. Companionate love is based on friendship, respect, and affection, but it may lack the intense emotions and physical attraction that characterize passionate love.
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__________ aging reflects the reality that aging well involves not only achievement of desirable outcomes but also effective coping with life's challenges and losses.
- A. Optimal
- B. Successful
- C. Peerless
- D. Capital
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Successful.' Successful aging encompasses achieving desirable outcomes and coping effectively with life's challenges and losses. 'Optimal' could imply a focus solely on achieving the best outcomes without considering challenges and losses. 'Peerless' means unmatched or unrivaled, which does not address coping with challenges. 'Capital' is related to wealth or assets and is not suitable in the context of aging and coping with life's difficulties.
According to Erikson, if the psychological conflict of adolescence is resolved negatively, a young person experiences __________.
- A. mistrust
- B. isolation
- C. inferiority
- D. role confusion
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Erikson's theory of psychosocial development states that during adolescence, individuals face the conflict of identity vs. role confusion. If this conflict is resolved negatively, adolescents experience role confusion. Role confusion occurs when adolescents fail to develop a clear sense of identity, leading to uncertainty about their future roles. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they correspond to earlier stages of Erikson's stages of psychosocial development (mistrust corresponds to infancy, isolation to early adulthood, and inferiority to middle childhood), not adolescence.
Depression __________.
- A. declines with age
- B. responds to treatment that is completely covered by Medicare
- C. is rarely related to physical illness or pain
- D. can lead to cognitive deterioration
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 'can lead to cognitive deterioration.' Depression, particularly in older adults, can significantly impair cognitive function, leading to further mental health challenges. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Depression does not necessarily decline with age, treatment coverage may vary, and depression can indeed be related to physical illness or pain.
The more a mental ability depends on __________ intelligence, the earlier it starts to decline.
- A. fluid
- B. crystallized
- C. emotional
- D. cultural
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: fluid. Fluid intelligence, which involves problem-solving and reasoning, tends to decline earlier than crystallized intelligence. Crystallized intelligence, on the other hand, involves knowledge and skills acquired over time and is more stable with age. Emotional intelligence and cultural intelligence are not directly related to the decline of mental abilities mentioned in the question, making them incorrect choices.
Brain growth is especially dramatic during __________, when the brain more than doubles in size.
- A. the first year
- B. the second year
- C. middle childhood
- D. adolescence
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Brain growth is especially dramatic during the first year of life when the brain more than doubles in size. This period is characterized by rapid neural development and growth. The brain doesn't double in size during the second year, making choice B incorrect. Middle childhood and adolescence do not represent periods where the brain more than doubles in size, making choices C and D incorrect, respectively.