Nokea
Major concerns of the elderly living alone in their home are: (Name 1)
- A. Safety
- B. Quality of life
- C. Support system
- D. Access to medical care
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Safety (A) is a major concern for the elderly living alone, as it impacts their ability to remain independent and healthy. Other concerns like quality of life (B), support system (C), and medical access (D) are also relevant but asked as a single choice here.
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Why did the risk of acquiring disease decrease for people living in cities since the 1850's?
- A. The 'sanitation revolution' improved the water supplies
- B. Urban residents received more regular vaccinations
- C. Antibiotics were more readily used
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The sanitation revolution, along with vaccinations and antibiotics, collectively reduced disease risk in cities since the 1850s.
A patient diagnosed with schizophrenia has been rehospitalized after a relapse. A priority intervention in designing a discharge plan to prevent relapses will be:
- A. helping the patient's family develop tolerance for the cognitive symptoms.
- B. mobilizing the family to provide structure to reduce social dysfunction.
- C. working on self-concept to reduce abolition, anhedonia, and dysphoria.
- D. early identification of signs of impending relapse and coping strategies.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because early identification of signs of impending relapse and coping strategies are crucial in preventing relapses in schizophrenia. By recognizing early warning signs, the patient can receive timely intervention and support to prevent further deterioration. This proactive approach enables healthcare providers to adjust treatment plans and provide necessary resources, ultimately reducing the likelihood of rehospitalization.
Choice A is incorrect because developing tolerance for cognitive symptoms may be beneficial but not a priority in preventing relapses. Choice B is incorrect as family support is important but solely relying on family for structure may not address all factors contributing to relapse. Choice C is incorrect as working on self-concept may be helpful but not directly related to preventing relapses.
A student transfers from a hometown college to a university 200 miles away after breaking up with her boyfriend of 2 years. She was slow to make friends at the university. The history shows a close relationship with her mother and sister. She began eating large quantities when she felt sad, and then she induced vomiting. When the student's schoolwork declined, she sought help from the university health clinic. During the initial interview, what priority issue should the nurse address?
- A. Losses
- B. Sleep patterns
- C. School activities
- D. Menstrual flow
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Losses. The priority issue the nurse should address is the student's recent breakup and difficulty making friends, which are significant losses impacting her emotional well-being. By addressing these losses, the nurse can help the student process her emotions and develop coping strategies.
B: Sleep patterns may be affected by the student's emotional distress, but it is a secondary concern compared to addressing the underlying losses.
C: School activities are important, but the root cause of the student's decline in schoolwork is likely related to her emotional state following the breakup.
D: Menstrual flow is not the priority issue at this time as it is not directly related to the student's emotional struggles and academic decline.
The nurse at the clinic is interviewing a patient who offers a number of vague somatic complaints that might not ordinarily prompt a visit to a caregiver: fatigue, back pain, headaches, and sleep disturbance. The patient seems tense, and after having spoken of the symptoms, seems reluctant to provide more information and is in a hurry to leave. The nurse can best serve the patient by:
- A. Asking if the patient has ever had psychiatric counseling.
- B. Completing a structured abuse assessment protocol.
- C. Exploring the possibility of patient social isolation.
- D. Asking the patient to disrobe to check for signs of abuse.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Completing a structured abuse assessment protocol. Given the patient's vague complaints, tension, reluctance to provide more information, and hurry to leave, these could be signs of potential abuse. Completing a structured abuse assessment protocol allows the nurse to systematically assess for any signs of abuse, which could be contributing to the patient's somatic complaints. This approach is necessary to ensure the patient's safety and well-being.
Incorrect choices:
A: Asking if the patient has ever had psychiatric counseling - This choice does not directly address the potential abuse concerns indicated by the patient's behavior.
C: Exploring the possibility of patient social isolation - While social isolation could be a contributing factor, the urgency to leave and reluctance to provide information are more indicative of potential abuse.
D: Asking the patient to disrobe to check for signs of abuse - This choice is invasive and inappropriate without first completing a structured abuse assessment protocol to determine if abuse is likely.
Which of the following best describes a social gambler
- A. Someone who gambles for the heightened thrill and needs higher bets to achieve the same feeling
- B. Gambles for fun during New Year gatherings
- C. Believes gambling is a way to make money, similar to financial investment
- D. Steals money to feed the gambling habit
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A social gambler engages in gambling recreationally, such as during social events like New Year gatherings, without dependency.