NCLEX RN Pediatric Questions

NCLEX RN Pediatric Questions Related

Review NCLEX RN Pediatric Questions related questions and content

Many neuromuscular disorders can impair respiratory function. What intervention can a home care nurse recommend to help prevent complications in patients with impaired respiratory function?

  • A. Antibiotics as needed
  • B. Bedrest
  • C. Elevate the head of bed
  • D. Suction q4h
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed is an important intervention to help prevent complications in patients with impaired respiratory function. By elevating the head of the bed, gravity assists in improving lung expansion and ventilation, making breathing easier for the patient. This position promotes better airflow and can help reduce the risk of respiratory complications such as aspiration. It is a non-invasive and simple intervention that can be easily implemented in a home care setting to support the patient's respiratory function and overall well-being. Antibiotics, bedrest, and scheduled suctioning are not directly related to improving respiratory function in this context.

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It is a serious condition in which the bone marrow does not produce enough new blood cells. It may be passed down from the parents or develop sometime during childhood:

  • A. Iron deficiency anemia
  • B. Sickle cell disease
  • C. Aplastic anemia
  • D. Thalassemia
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Aplastic anemia is a serious condition characterized by the bone marrow's failure to produce enough blood cells - red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. This condition may be inherited or acquired later in life, including during childhood. It results in a deficiency of all types of blood cells, leading to symptoms like fatigue, weakness, frequent infections, and easy bruising or bleeding. Iron deficiency anemia, sickle cell disease, thalassemia, hemophilia, and idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura are different blood disorders with distinct causes and symptoms, which do not match the description provided in the question.

You are discussing with medical students the role of chemotherapy in malignant germ cell tumors (GCTs); you state that GCTs are sensitive to some types of chemotherapy. Of the following, the MOST effective chemotherapeutic agent in GCTs is

  • A. vincristine
  • B. cyclophosphamide
  • C. cisplatin
  • D. methotrexate
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Cisplatin is a cornerstone in the treatment of germ cell tumors.

Although children with Wilms tumor have a favorable prognosis, there are some adverse prognostic factors in children with Wilms tumor EXCEPT

  • A. large tumors
  • B. anaplastic histology
  • C. loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 1p and 16q
  • D. young age at diagnosis
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Young age at diagnosis is generally associated with a favorable prognosis.

Nurse Lina gives discharge instructions to Aling Maria, who is experiencing an exacerbation of COPD because of an upper respiratory tract infection, regarding her diet at home. Which of the following food choices would be appropriate?

  • A. low fat low cholesterol
  • B. low sodium diet
  • C. bland soft diet
  • D. high calorie high protein
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: A patient experiencing an exacerbation of COPD, especially due to an infection, requires a diet that is high in calories and protein. This is because during exacerbations, the body's energy requirements increase due to increased work of breathing and inflammation. High-calorie intake helps provide the necessary energy for breathing and healing. Additionally, a high-protein diet is important for maintaining respiratory and skeletal muscle strength, which can be affected during exacerbations of COPD. Therefore, a high-calorie high-protein diet would be most appropriate for Aling Maria to support her recovery and overall health during this period.

Mr. Sison had an above the knee amputation (AKA). He is taught to use crutches while prosthesis is being adjusted. The nurse instruct the client to support her weight primarily on which areas?

  • A. axilla
  • B. upper arms
  • C. elbows
  • D. hands
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When using crutches after an above the knee amputation, it is important for the client to support their weight primarily on their elbows. Placing the weight on the elbows helps to prevent pressure on the axilla (armpit area), which can lead to nerve damage and discomfort. Supporting weight on the elbows also provides better stability and control while using crutches, allowing the client to move more safely and comfortably. Additionally, distributing the weight onto the elbows helps to avoid potential strain and injury to the hands or upper arms.

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