HESI A2 Physics Practice Test

HESI A2 Physics Practice Test Related

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Marilyn is driving to a wedding. She drives 4 miles south before realizing that she left the gift at home. She makes a U-turn, returns home to pick up the gift, and sets out again driving south. This time, she drives 1 mile out of her way to pick up a friend. From there, they continue 5 miles more to the wedding. Which of these statements is true about Marilyn's trip?

  • A. The displacement of her trip is 6 miles, and the distance traveled is 6 miles.
  • B. The displacement of her trip is 14 miles, and the distance traveled is 14 miles.
  • C. The displacement of her trip is 8 miles, and the distance traveled is 14 miles.
  • D. The displacement of her trip is 6 miles, and the distance traveled is 14 miles.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Marilyn's displacement is calculated based on her final position relative to the starting point. She drives 1 mile to pick up her friend, then 5 miles more to the wedding, totaling 6 miles after returning to her home. So, the correct displacement is 8 miles south from her starting point (4 miles to the gift + 4 miles return + 1 mile to the friend + 5 miles to the wedding). The total distance traveled is 14 miles (adding all the distances). Choice A is incorrect because it miscalculates the displacement. Choice B is incorrect as it overestimates both the displacement and distance traveled. Choice D is incorrect as it underestimates the displacement.

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If the force acting on an object is doubled, how does its acceleration change?

  • A. It remains the same.
  • B. It is halved.
  • C. It is doubled.
  • D. It is eliminated.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: According to Newton's second law of motion, the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force acting on it. Therefore, if the force acting on an object is doubled, its acceleration will also double. This relationship is expressed by the equation F = ma, where F is the force, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration. When the force (F) is doubled, the acceleration (a) will also double, assuming the mass remains constant. Choice A is incorrect because acceleration changes with a change in force. Choice B is incorrect because acceleration and force are directly proportional. Choice D is incorrect because increasing the force acting on an object does not eliminate its acceleration; instead, it results in an increase in acceleration, as per Newton's second law.

When analyzing a power plant, which of the following is NOT considered a part of the system?

  • A. The fuel being burned.
  • B. The working fluid (e.g., steam or water).
  • C. The turbine that generates electricity.
  • D. The surrounding air.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In a power plant system, the components directly involved in the energy conversion process are considered part of the system. The fuel being burned provides the heat source, the working fluid transfers this heat energy, and the turbine converts it into mechanical energy to generate electricity. The surrounding air, while it may interact with the system, is not a component that directly participates in the energy conversion process within the power plant system. Therefore, the correct answer is D - The surrounding air. Choices A, B, and C are essential components of a power plant system as they play direct roles in the energy conversion process, unlike the surrounding air.

When a gas is compressed isothermally, we can say that:

  • A. The gas performs work on the surroundings, and its internal energy increases.
  • B. The gas performs work on the surroundings, and its internal energy decreases.
  • C. The surroundings perform work on the gas, and its internal energy increases.
  • D. The surroundings perform work on the gas, and its internal energy decreases.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When a gas is compressed isothermally, the surroundings perform work on the gas. In this process, since the temperature remains constant (isothermal), the internal energy of the gas does not change. Therefore, the correct answer is that the surroundings perform work on the gas, and its internal energy decreases. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they incorrectly describe the direction of work and the change in internal energy during an isothermal compression.

An object with a charge of 3 μC is placed 30 cm from another object with a charge of 2 μC. What is the magnitude of the resulting force between the objects?

  • A. 0.6 N
  • B. 0.18 N
  • C. 180 N
  • D. 9 10−12 N
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: To find the magnitude of the resulting force between two charges, we use Coulomb's Law:
F = k (|q1 q2|) / r²
Where:

F is the force
k is Coulomb's constant (8.99 10⁹ N·m²/C²)
q1 and q2 are the charges
r is the distance between the charges
Plugging in the values:
F = (8.99 10⁹) (3 10⁻⁶) (2 10⁻⁶) / (0.3)² = 0.18 N.
Therefore, the magnitude of the resulting force is 0.18 N.

If a 5-kg ball is moving at 5 m/s, what is its momentum?

  • A. 10 kgâ‹…m/s
  • B. 16.2 km/h
  • C. 24.75 kgâ‹…m/s
  • D. 25 kgâ‹…m/s
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The momentum of an object is calculated by multiplying its mass by its velocity. In this case, the mass of the ball is 5 kg and its velocity is 5 m/s. Therefore, the momentum of the ball is 5 kg 5 m/s = 25 kgâ‹…m/s. Choice A (10 kgâ‹…m/s) is incorrect as it does not account for both mass and velocity. Choice B (16.2 km/h) is incorrect as it provides a speed in a different unit without considering mass. Choice C (24.75 kgâ‹…m/s) is incorrect as it does not correctly calculate the momentum based on the given mass and velocity.

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