Nokea
Mary tells you that she has an undiagnosed case of hypothyroidism. What symptoms would you expect her to present?
- A. Polydipsia and polyphagia.
- B. Fatigue and cold intolerance.
- C. Weight loss and hyperglycemia.
- D. Tachycardia and diarrhea.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hypothyroidism causes fatigue, cold intolerance, and other symptoms of low metabolism.
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The primary mode of treatment for ankylosing spondylitis is
- A. Relaxed posture for comfort.
- B. Physical therapy.
- C. Strict bedrest.
- D. Respiratory therapy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Physical therapy helps maintain mobility in ankylosing spondylitis.
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who has been receiving oxygen therapy at 2 L/min now has a respiratory rate of 10 breaths/min. What action should the nurse take first?
- A. Increase the oxygen flow rate to 4 L/min.
- B. Administer a bronchodilator via nebulizer.
- C. Encourage the client to take deep breaths.
- D. Assess the client's mental status and level of consciousness.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, assessing the client's mental status and level of consciousness. This is the first action to take because a respiratory rate of 10 breaths/min in a COPD client receiving oxygen therapy may indicate respiratory depression or impending respiratory failure. Assessing mental status and level of consciousness can help determine if the client is experiencing hypoxia. Increasing oxygen flow rate (A) without assessing the client first can be dangerous if the client is retaining carbon dioxide. Administering a bronchodilator (B) may not address the underlying issue of respiratory depression. Encouraging deep breaths (C) may not be appropriate if the client is in respiratory distress.
A healthcare professional is assessing a client with left-sided heart failure. Which finding is most commonly associated with this condition?
- A. Peripheral edema
- B. Jugular vein distention
- C. Hepatomegaly
- D. Crackles in the lungs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Crackles in the lungs. Left-sided heart failure leads to fluid accumulation in the lungs, causing crackles on auscultation. This indicates pulmonary congestion. Peripheral edema (A) is more common in right-sided heart failure. Jugular vein distention (B) is typically seen in right-sided heart failure due to increased venous pressure. Hepatomegaly (C) is more common in conditions like liver disease, not specifically left-sided heart failure.
During a call to the on-call physician about a client who had a hysterectomy 2 days ago & has unrelieved pain from prescribed narcotic medication, which statement is part of the SBAR format for communication?
- A. I suggest ordering a different pain medication.
- B. This client has allergies to morphine & codeine.
- C. Dr. Smith does not prefer nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory meds.
- D. The client had a vaginal hysterectomy 2 days ago.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it provides relevant information regarding the client's allergies to morphine and codeine, which is crucial for the physician to know when considering alternative pain medication options. This aligns with the "Background" component of the SBAR format, which includes pertinent patient history.
Choice A is incorrect because it jumps to a solution without providing necessary background information. Choice C is irrelevant to the current situation as it does not address the client's pain management issue. Choice D is also incorrect as it only provides historical information about the type of hysterectomy performed, which is not directly related to the client's current pain management concern.
During a home visit to an older client living alone post-coronary artery bypass graft, what finding prompts the nurse to consider additional referrals?
- A. Dirty carpets requiring vacuuming
- B. Expired food found in the refrigerator
- C. Outdated medications stored in the kitchen
- D. Presence of multiple cats in the home
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (Expired food found in the refrigerator) because it poses a potential health risk to the client. Expired food can lead to foodborne illnesses, especially for an older adult post-surgery. Dirty carpets (choice A) may not directly impact the client's health. Outdated medications (choice C) can be addressed by the nurse without additional referrals. The presence of multiple cats (choice D) may be a concern for allergies or cleanliness, but it is not as urgent as expired food in terms of health risks.