Nokea
Most water is absorbed in which portion of the gastrointestinal tract?
- A. Stomach
- B. Duodenum
- C. Ileum
- D. Colon
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The colon is the primary site for water absorption, converting liquid waste into solid feces.
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Which of the following food/drink items would be appropriate for the first 24 hours that an infant has diarrhea?
- A. Cooked carrots
- B. Bottle of Pedialyte
- C. Bottle of milk
- D. Applesauce
- E. Mashed bananas
- F. Bottle of room-temperature chamomile tea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pedialyte is an oral rehydration solution critical for preventing dehydration in infants during the first 24 hours of diarrhea. Other options may exacerbate diarrhea or fail to address hydration needs.
Which direction should you direct the tip of the enema tube as you insert it into the rectum to reduce the risk for perforation?
- A. Toward the patient's umbilicus
- B. Toward the patient's spine
- C. Straight toward the patient's head
- D. Toward the patient's feet
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Directing the enema tube toward the patient's umbilicus aligns with the natural anatomical curve of the rectum, reducing the risk of perforation.
Which of the following food/drink items would be appropriate after the first 24 hours that an adult has diarrhea?
- A. Bananas
- B. Piece of aged cheese
- C. Cup of hot chocolate
- D. Applesauce
- E. Small milkshake
- F. Hot cup of coffee
- G. Glass of iced tea
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Bananas and applesauce are part of the BRAT diet, which helps firm stools and is suitable after the initial 24 hours of diarrhea. Cheese, hot chocolate, milkshakes, coffee, and iced tea may worsen diarrhea due to lactose, caffeine, or sugar.
A healthy stoma should be
- A. A light bluish purple color
- B. Shiny and moist
- C. Cool and dry
- D. A pinkish red color
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: A healthy stoma is shiny, moist, and pinkish red, indicating good blood supply and tissue health. Bluish purple suggests ischemia, and cool and dry indicates poor viability.
The proper name for the fecal material expelled from a new colostomy is
- A. Mucoid feces
- B. Steatorrhea
- C. Effluent
- D. Diarrhea stools
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Effluent is the term for fecal material from a colostomy, which is typically more liquid due to bypassing part of the colon.