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Mr. Gary, at 67, is reflecting on his life achievements. This is an example of which Erikson's stage?
- A. Trust vs. Mistrust
- B. Industry vs. Inferiority
- C. Identity vs. Role confusion
- D. Integrity vs. Despair
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: At 67, reflecting on achievements is Integrity vs. Despair (D) Erikson's late adulthood, assessing life's worth. Trust (A) is infancy, industry (B) childhood, identity (C) adolescence not age-appropriate. D fits reflection, making it correct.
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What is the primary purpose of repositioning a patient who is immobile?
- A. To prevent pressure ulcers
- B. To promote joint flexibility
- C. To increase muscle strength
- D. To improve respiratory function
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Repositioning an immobile patient primarily aims to prevent pressure ulcers by relieving pressure on skin over bony areas, like the sacrum or heels, and enhancing blood flow. Prolonged immobility risks tissue breakdown due to constant compression, making regular movement a cornerstone of preventive care in nursing. While shifting positions can secondarily support joint mobility, this isn't the main goal specific exercises target that more effectively. Building muscle strength requires active effort beyond repositioning, and though respiratory benefits may occur, they're addressed through targeted interventions like breathing exercises. This focus on skin integrity reflects nursing's priority to mitigate a common, severe complication of immobility, ensuring patient safety and comfort through proactive care.
Which of the following is NOT true about post mortem care?
- A. The body should be placed in a morgue within 1 hour
- B. Wash hands before and after care
- C. Remove tubes and soiled linens
- D. Close the eyes and mouth
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Body to morgue within 1 hour (A) isn't true no strict universal timing, per facility policy. Hand washing (B), tube removal (C), and closing eyes/mouth (D) are standard. A's rigidity misaligns with flexible care, making it untrue.
A client with gout is being taught about dietary management. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should increase my intake of purine-rich foods.
- B. I should decrease my intake of purine-rich foods.
- C. I should increase my intake of sodium-rich foods.
- D. I should decrease my intake of potassium-rich foods.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Decreasing the intake of purine-rich foods is essential in managing gout as purines break down into uric acid, contributing to gout symptoms. Increasing purine-rich foods would exacerbate the condition by increasing uric acid levels. Therefore, choice A is incorrect. Choices C and D are also incorrect as increasing sodium-rich foods (choice C) is not recommended for gout management, and decreasing potassium-rich foods (choice D) is unrelated to gout.
Which of the following is TRUE about temperature?
- A. The highest temperature usually occurs later in a day, around 8 P.M to 12 M.N
- B. The lowest temperature is usually in the Afternoon, Around 12 P.M
- C. Thyroxin decreases body temperature
- D. Elderly people are risk for hyperthermia due to the absence of fats, Decreased thermoregulatory control and sedentary lifestyle.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Body temperature peaks late day (8 PM-midnight) due to circadian rhythms e.g., higher metabolism. Lowest is early morning (not noon), thyroxin raises temp (not lowers), and elderly risk hypothermia (not hyperthermia) from poor regulation. Nurses monitor this pattern for fever assessment, per physiological norms.
When reading an autopsy report, the nurse encounters the term 'midsagittal plane.' This nurse understands that this means the body was viewed using a plane that matched which of the following descriptions?
- A. This plane cuts the body horizontally.
- B. This plane divides the body into front and back portions.
- C. The body is separated into left and right equal portions.
- D. The body is divided using an X across the chest.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Midsagittal plane splits the body into equal left-right halves, unlike horizontal, front-back, or X divisions. Nurses use this in anatomical understanding.