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Ms., Sanchez is a new nursing graduate and in dire need for the hospitalization of her ailing mother She is being offered to endorse a detergent product on TV Commercial wearing a mini skirt and a plunging neckline shirt. In doing this performance Ms. Sanchez is violating the ________.
- A. oath of professional for new nurses
- B. nursing practice act 7164
- C. code of ethics for nurses
- D. core competency standards
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ms. Sanchez is violating the code of ethics for nurses. Nurses are expected to uphold professional behavior and maintain a positive public image. Endorsing a detergent product on TV Commercial wearing a mini skirt and a plunging neckline shirt may be seen as unprofessional and contrary to the image of a nursing professional. The code of ethics for nurses requires nurses to act with integrity, maintain professional boundaries, and avoid actions that could bring discredit to the profession. By engaging in this commercial, Ms. Sanchez is not upholding the ethical standards expected of nurses.
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Nurses may be privy to very personal information of patients and should make every effort to make it confidential, otherwise she can be charged of ______.
- A. negligence
- B. invasion of privacy
- C. malpractice
- D. defamation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nurses are bound by strict confidentiality and privacy regulations in their profession. If a nurse fails to keep a patient's personal information confidential and discloses it without authorization, they can be charged with invasion of privacy. Invasion of privacy is the wrongful intrusion into a person's private affairs without their consent, and it is a serious violation of ethical and legal standards in healthcare. Nurses must always prioritize patient confidentiality to maintain trust and uphold ethical standards in their practice.
A nurse is preparing to perform a colposcopy procedure for a patient with abnormal cervical cytology results. What action should the nurse prioritize to enhance patient comfort during colposcopy?
- A. Administering intravenous sedation to the patient before the procedure
- B. Explaining the procedure steps and providing emotional support to the patient
- C. Applying a topical anesthetic cream to the cervix before colposcopy
- D. Allowing the patient to have a support person present during the procedure
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The best action the nurse should prioritize to enhance patient comfort during a colposcopy procedure is to explain the procedure steps and provide emotional support to the patient. Colposcopy is a procedure that involves examining the cervix, vagina, and vulva closely. Patients may feel anxious or uncomfortable during the procedure due to the sensitive nature of the area being examined and the potential concerns related to abnormal cervical cytology results. By explaining the procedure steps in detail before starting and providing emotional support, the nurse can help alleviate the patient's fears and anxieties, thereby enhancing their comfort and promoting a more positive experience overall. Additionally, establishing good communication and trust with the patient can also improve their cooperation during the procedure. Administering sedation, applying a topical anesthetic cream, and allowing a support person to be present are all important factors in providing holistic care as well, but the initial priority should be on communication and emotional support.
Which criterion refers-to the ability of the instrument to detect fine differences among the subjects being studied?
- A. Reliability
- B. objectivity
- C. Sensitivity
- D. Validity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sensitivity refers to the ability of an instrument to detect small or fine differences among the subjects being studied. In the context of research or measurement tools, sensitivity is crucial for identifying subtle variations in the data that may hold importance in the analysis. A sensitive instrument can accurately measure and record even the smallest changes, making it a valuable criterion when assessing the quality of a measurement tool in research studies. High sensitivity indicates that the instrument is more likely to pick up on nuances and variations in the data, providing researchers with more detailed and accurate information to work with.
A patient is going for a coronary arterial by-pass graft (CABG) due to a 4 blocked arterial blood vessels. A surgical team has been formed with the cardiac surgeon as the head. Who is the member of the health team that prepares the pre-operative orders for the patient?
- A. Cardiologist
- B. Surgeon
- C. Anesthesiologist
- D. Medical Internist
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The member of the health team responsible for preparing pre-operative orders for a patient undergoing surgery, such as a coronary arterial bypass graft (CABG), is typically the anesthesiologist. Anesthesiologists are specialized physicians who are trained to administer anesthesia and manage the patient's well-being during surgery. They are responsible for assessing the patient's medical history, determining the appropriate anesthesia plan, and prescribing pre-operative medications. Cardiologists focus on diagnosing and treating heart conditions, surgeons perform the actual surgical procedure, and medical internists specialize in the diagnosis and non-surgical treatment of internal diseases. The anesthesiologist plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety and comfort of the patient before, during, and after surgery.
A patient presents with recurrent episodes of epistaxis, gum bleeding, and easy bruising. Laboratory tests reveal prolonged bleeding time, normal platelet count, and normal PT and aPTT. Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause these findings?
- A. Von Willebrand disease
- B. Glanzmann thrombasthenia
- C. Hemophilia A
- D. Bernard-Soulier syndrome
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The clinical presentation of recurrent episodes of epistaxis, gum bleeding, and easy bruising, along with laboratory findings of prolonged bleeding time, normal platelet count, and normal coagulation studies (PT and aPTT) are highly suggestive of Von Willebrand disease. Von Willebrand disease is the most common inherited bleeding disorder and is characterized by a deficiency or dysfunction of von Willebrand factor (vWF), which plays a key role in platelet adhesion and aggregation. The prolonged bleeding time is due to impaired platelet adhesion to the damaged vessel wall in the absence of functional vWF. Normal platelet count and normal PT/aPTT help differentiate Von Willebrand disease from other bleeding disorders such as hemophilia and platelet function disorders like Glanzmann thrombasthenia and Bernard-Soulier syndrome.