Nokea
Multiple gestation can lead to what labor complication?
- A. tachysystole
- B. postterm birth
- C. postterm birth
- D. early declarations
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: postterm birth. Multiple gestation, such as twins or triplets, often leads to a higher risk of postterm birth due to the increased likelihood of preterm labor and delivery. This is because the uterus may become overdistended and unable to maintain the pregnancy to full term, resulting in postterm birth.
Incorrect choices:
A: Tachysystole is excessive uterine contractions, which is not directly related to multiple gestation.
B: Postterm birth is already covered as the correct answer.
D: Early decelerations are a common finding in labor but not specifically associated with multiple gestation complications.
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What pregnant person is at high risk for labor dystocia?
- A. 38-week gestation
- B. 41-year-old
- C. prenatal anemia
- D. no prenatal care
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 41-year-old. Advanced maternal age increases the risk of labor dystocia due to reduced uterine muscle tone and coordination. Older individuals are more likely to experience prolonged labor or difficulty with fetal descent. Choice A (38-week gestation) is not a risk factor for labor dystocia. Prenatal anemia (Choice C) may lead to complications during pregnancy but is not directly linked to labor dystocia. Lack of prenatal care (Choice D) can increase the risk of complications but is not a specific risk factor for labor dystocia.
The nurse is assessing the client for the presence of ballottement. Which should the nurse perform to test for the presence of ballottement?
- A. Palpate the uterus for contractions
- B. Assess the skin for increased pigmentation
- C. Initiate a gentle upward tap on the cervix
- D. Palpate the abdomen for fetal outline
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. To test for the presence of ballottement, the nurse should initiate a gentle upward tap on the cervix. Ballottement is a technique used in obstetrics to assess for the presence of a floating object in the uterus, such as a fetus. By tapping the cervix gently, the nurse can feel for a rebound effect, indicating the presence of a floating object. This technique helps to confirm the presence of a fetus in the uterus.
Explanation of why other choices are incorrect:
A: Palpating the uterus for contractions is not relevant to testing for ballottement.
B: Assessing the skin for increased pigmentation is not related to assessing for the presence of a floating object in the uterus.
D: Palpating the abdomen for fetal outline does not specifically test for ballottement, which involves tapping the cervix.
What is a possible complication of oligohydramnios?
- A. fetal macrosomia
- B. preterm labor
- C. placenta previa
- D. fetal growth restriction
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: fetal growth restriction. Oligohydramnios refers to low levels of amniotic fluid, which can restrict fetal growth due to decreased cushioning and space for movement. This can lead to complications such as poor fetal nutrition, musculoskeletal abnormalities, and pulmonary hypoplasia. Fetal macrosomia (A) is the opposite of fetal growth restriction, preterm labor (B) is not directly associated with oligohydramnios, and placenta previa (C) is a separate condition involving the placenta's position in the uterus.
Decelerations that mirror the contractions are present with each contraction on the monitor strip of a multipara who received epidural anesthesia 20 minutes ago. The nurse should
- A. maintain the normal assessment routine
- B. administer O at 8 to 10 L/minute by face mask.
- C. increase the IV flow rate from 125 to 150 mL/hour.
- D. assess the maternal blood pressure for a systolic pressure below 100 mm Hg.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: maintain the normal assessment routine. Decelerations mirroring contractions in a multipara with epidural anesthesia likely indicate normal physiologic response to labor. There is no indication of fetal distress. Administering O2 (B) is unnecessary as there is no indication of maternal hypoxemia. Increasing IV flow rate (C) is not necessary if there are no signs of hypovolemia. Assessing maternal blood pressure (D) for hypotension is not relevant without other signs of maternal compromise. Maintaining the normal assessment routine ensures ongoing monitoring and evaluation of both mother and baby without unnecessary interventions.
The nurse is instructing a nursing student on the application of fetal monitoring devices. Which method of assessing the fetal heart rate requires the use of a gel?
- A. Doppler
- B. Fetoscope
- C. Scalp electrode
- D. Tocodynamometer
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Doppler. Doppler requires the use of a gel to enhance the transmission of sound waves for accurate assessment of the fetal heart rate. Gel helps to eliminate air between the Doppler probe and the skin, improving signal quality. Fetoscope (B) is a direct listening device; Scalp electrode (C) and Tocodynamometer (D) do not require gel for fetal heart rate assessment.