Negative feedback can be described as...?
- A. As the concentration of the product increases it inhibits stimulation and consequently decreases product synthesis
- B. As the concentration of the product decreases it decreases stimulation and consequently further decreases product synthesis
- C. Product concentration has no effect on stimulation - another control mechanism is put in place to change rate of production
- D. As the concentration of the product increases it increases stimulation and consequently further increases product synthesis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Negative feedback reduces the stimulus as the product accumulates, maintaining homeostasis.
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Which organ is retroperitoneal?
- A. liver
- B. ileum
- C. stomach
- D. pancreas
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The pancreas is a retroperitoneal organ, located behind the peritoneum.
The kidneys, skin, and lungs are each a part of the system.
- A. integumentary
- B. respiratory
- C. excretory
- D. digestive
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The kidneys, skin, and lungs are all part of the excretory system, removing various wastes.
During active HCL secretion parietal cell shows:
- A. Few short microvilli while tubulovesicular system increases.
- B. Microvilli are prominent numerous while the tubulovesicular system decreases.
- C. More rER & secretory vesicles
- D. Cytoplasm becomes more basophilic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: During active HCl secretion, parietal cells' intracellular canaliculi expand with numerous microvilli, and the tubulovesicular system decreases as it fuses with the canaliculi.
Which of the following enzymes formed in the pancreas aids in protein digestion?
- A. Amylase
- B. Lipase
- C. Trypsinogen
- D. Trypsin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Trypsin, activated from trypsinogen, is a pancreatic enzyme that digests proteins.
Which process is stimulated by adrenaline in the cells of the liver?
- A. breakdown of glycogen, increasing the blood glucose level
- B. breakdown of excess amino acids, forming urea
- C. breakdown of proteins, releasing amino acids into the blood
- D. conversion of excess blood glucose to glycogen
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adrenaline stimulates glycogenolysis in the liver, breaking down glycogen into glucose to increase blood glucose levels.