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Nurse Edna admits a patient from the ER to the medical unit. The patient is very restless with IV lines and a urinary catheter. She was put to bed and the nurse applied a body restraint without the doctor's order. Nurse Edna's action can be liable for _____.
- A. invasion of privacy
- B. battery
- C. assault
- D. neglect
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Battery in the context of healthcare refers to the intentional and unauthorized touching of a patient. By applying a body restraint without a doctor's order, Nurse Edna has potentially committed battery against the patient. It is important for healthcare providers to obtain proper authorization before implementing any physical restraints on a patient to avoid legal liabilities such as battery.
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A woman in active labor is receiving intravenous magnesium sulfate for the prevention of eclampsia. What maternal assessment finding indicates magnesium toxicity?
- A. Muscle weakness
- B. Increased deep tendon reflexes
- C. Hypotension
- D. Tachycardia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Magnesium sulfate is used to prevent eclampsia, but it can lead to toxicity if levels become too high. One common sign of magnesium toxicity is increased deep tendon reflexes, also known as hyperreflexia. This occurs because magnesium is a muscle relaxant, and elevated levels can lead to over-relaxation of muscles, causing an exaggerated reflex response. Other signs of magnesium toxicity include respiratory depression, decreased urine output, and cardiac arrest. Therefore, in a woman receiving intravenous magnesium sulfate during labor, an increase in deep tendon reflexes would indicate potential toxicity and require immediate intervention.
Which among the members of the multidisciplinary team that the nurse BEST to collaborate with when the patient can benefit the use of leg prosthesis?
- A. Occupationa l therapist
- B. Podiatrist
- C. Physical therapist
- D. Pharmacist
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A physical therapist would be the best member of the multidisciplinary team to collaborate with when a patient can benefit from using a leg prosthesis. Physical therapists specialize in assessing and treating movement disorders, including those related to amputation and prosthetic use. They can help the patient improve their mobility, strength, balance, and overall functional abilities with the prosthesis. Physical therapists can provide training on how to use the prosthesis effectively, reduce the risk of falls, and optimize the patient's independence and quality of life. Collaborating with a physical therapist ensures that the patient receives comprehensive care tailored to their specific needs and goals related to using a leg prosthesis.
Because of the failure to replace the defective electric fan immediately, a fire broke out and it became big enough to burn a major portion of the unit because the fire extinguisher was missing. What lesson can be gained from this?
- A. Punishment must be imposed on erring employees
- B. Reorientation of the new staff.
- C. Refer the erring employee to HR.
- D. Every protocol must be followed .
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The lesson that can be gained from this scenario is that every protocol must be followed. In this situation, failure to replace the defective electric fan immediately and having a missing fire extinguisher directly led to the fire escalating and causing significant damage. By ensuring that all safety protocols and procedures are followed promptly and consistently, potential hazards and risks can be mitigated or prevented. It is crucial for employees to understand the importance of adhering to established protocols in order to maintain a safe working environment and prevent accidents or emergencies.
The type of epidemiologic study that is used to describe a group of persons enrolled in a study who share some characteristic of interest and who are followed over a period of time to observe some health outcome is a/an:
- A. Cross-sectional study
- B. Cohort study
- C. Experimental study
- D. Case control study
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cohort studies are types of epidemiological studies that involve a group of individuals who share a common characteristic or experience and are followed over time to observe the development of a particular health outcome. This type of study is useful in determining the incidence of a disease, identifying risk factors, and studying the natural history of a disease. Cohort studies allow researchers to investigate the relationship between exposure and outcome by following participants forward in time. It helps in establishing causality and is particularly useful for studying rare exposures or outcomes. In contrast, cross-sectional studies involve collecting data from a population at a single point in time, experimental studies involve interventions and control groups, and case-control studies involve comparing individuals with a particular health outcome (cases) to those without the outcome (controls) retrospectively.
Take home medications given to Patient Lily includes digitalis therapy which was given to patient since she was pregnant. Which of the following would the nurse anticipate with patient's drug therapy?
- A. Switching to a more potent drug.
- B. Continuation of the same dosage.
- C. Need for change in medication.
- D. Addition of diuretic to the regimen.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digitalis therapy, commonly prescribed for heart conditions, is known for its narrow therapeutic range and potential for toxicity. In the case of Patient Lily, who has been on digitalis therapy since she was pregnant, the nurse would anticipate the continuation of the same dosage to maintain the therapeutic effects and reduce the risks of toxicity. It is essential to monitor the patient's digitalis levels regularly and adjust the dosage if necessary based on the patient's response and any changes in their clinical status. Switching to a more potent drug, changing the medication, or adding a diuretic would not be appropriate without further assessment and consultation with the healthcare provider managing Lily's digitalis therapy.