Nokea
Nurse May is alarm by the incidence of number of young adults in the community with mental problems. Which of the following should be her PRIORITY nursing initiative?
- A. Refer all tertiary hospital
- B. Request for psychiatrict drugs.
- C. Set up debriefing center
- D. Set up mental health program
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The priority nursing initiative for Nurse May should be to set up a mental health program in the community. This proactive approach focuses on prevention, early intervention, and support for individuals experiencing mental health issues. By setting up a mental health program, Nurse May can address the root causes of mental problems in young adults in the community, provide education and awareness, offer counseling services, and promote mental well-being. This initiative can have a long-term impact on the mental health of individuals and help reduce the incidence of mental problems in the community. Setting up a mental health program is a holistic and sustainable approach to addressing mental health issues in the community.
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The nurse is conducting an assessment to her patient who has edema of the lower extremities due to congestive heart failure. If edema is graded on a scale of +1 (no visible edema in the leg) to 4+ (leg very swollen), what will the Nurse document in her chart if her assessment findings of the edema is SLIGHTLY swollen?
- A. 4
- B. 2
- C. 1
- D. 3
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the grading system used for edema, +1 indicates no visible edema in the leg, +2 indicates slight edema with indentations that quickly resolve, +3 indicates moderate edema with deeper indentations that may take longer to resolve, and +4 indicates severe edema with very swollen legs. In this case, since the edema is described as slightly swollen, the appropriate grade to document would be +2.
Which of the following actions is recommended for controlling severe external bleeding from an extremity?
- A. Applying a tourniquet proximal to the injury site.
- B. Elevating the extremity above the level of the heart.
- C. Applying direct pressure with a sterile dressing.
- D. Removing any impaled objects.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When controlling severe external bleeding from an extremity, the recommended action is to apply direct pressure with a sterile dressing. Direct pressure helps to stop the bleeding by promoting clot formation and reducing blood flow from the wound. This method is effective in most cases and should be the first response to control bleeding. Elevating the extremity above the level of the heart can be helpful in some cases, but direct pressure is the initial recommended action. Applying a tourniquet proximal to the injury site should only be done as a last resort when other methods are not successful, as it can lead to complications such as tissue damage. Removing any impaled objects can actually worsen the bleeding and should be avoided unless necessary for immediate life-saving measures.
In planning the care of the elderly, which should be the important consideration that Nurse Gina has to consider _____.
- A. The educational qualification
- B. Family support
- C. Activities of daily liiving
- D. Residence of the elderly
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Family support is a crucial consideration when planning the care of the elderly. The availability of family members to provide emotional support, assistance with daily activities, and decision-making can greatly impact the overall well-being of the elderly individual. Family support can help reduce feelings of isolation, ensure that the elderly person's needs are being met, and provide a sense of security and comfort. Additionally, involving family members in the care planning process can help create a collaborative and comprehensive care approach that considers the preferences and values of the elderly person. Considering the level of family support is essential for creating a care plan that meets the unique needs and circumstances of each elderly individual.
Which of the following structures is responsible for the mechanical and chemical digestion of food, as well as the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream?
- A. Liver
- B. Stomach
- C. Pancreas
- D. Large intestine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The stomach is the organ responsible for the mechanical and chemical digestion of food. When food enters the stomach, it is mixed with stomach acid and enzymes to break down the food into smaller particles. This process helps prepare the food for further digestion and absorption of nutrients. The stomach also plays a key role in the absorption of some nutrients, such as certain vitamins and minerals. Additionally, the stomach's muscular contractions help mix the food with digestive enzymes and propel the partially digested food into the small intestine for further processing and absorption. The liver, pancreas, and large intestine have vital functions in the digestive system, but the stomach is the primary organ responsible for the initial digestion and absorption of nutrients.
Which of the following is a common complication associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)?
- A. Urinary retention
- B. Erectile dysfunction
- C. Urethral stricture
- D. Renal calculi
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) can lead to urinary retention, which is a common complication associated with this condition. As the prostate gland enlarges, it can obstruct the flow of urine from the bladder through the urethra. This obstruction can result in difficulty starting to urinate, weak urine flow, frequent urination, incomplete bladder emptying, and eventually urinary retention. If left untreated, urinary retention can lead to serious complications such as urinary tract infections, bladder damage, kidney damage, and even kidney stones. Therefore, urinary retention is an important complication to be aware of in patients with BPH.