Nokea
Nurse Oliver s teaching a mother who plans to discontinue breast-feeding after 5 months. The nurse should advise her to include which foods in her infant’s diet?
- A. Iron-rich formula and baby food
- B. Whole milk and baby food
- C. Skim milk and baby food
- D. Iron-rich formula only
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Iron-rich formula and baby food provide essential nutrients for a 5-month-old infant transitioning from breastfeeding.
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What should the nurse assess prior to administering digoxin? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Sclera
- B. Apical pulse rate
- C. Cough
- D. Liver function test
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Because digoxin decreases the heart rate, the apical pulse should be assessed. If the HR is below 60 beats per minute, digoxin should not be administered.
The differential diagnosis of the patient includes all of the following EXCEPT
- A. rheumatic fever
- B. SLE
- C. chronic atrial fibrillation
- D. postmeningococcal immune complexes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic atrial fibrillation is unlikely in an 8-year-old with acute onset symptoms.
Initial tests in a 2-year-old child with failure to thrive include:
- A. Thyroid function tests
- B. Sweat test
- C. Urine culture
- D. Colonoscopy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: a sweat test is crucial for diagnosing cystic fibrosis, a common cause of failure to thrive in children. The other tests (a-d) are less specific and not typically first-line for this presentation.
A wide splitting of S2 during expiration is auscultated in a 2-week-old infant.
- A. Atrial septal defect (ASD)
- B. Coarctation of the aorta (COA)
- C. Patent ductus arteriosis (PDA)
- D. Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A wide splitting of S2 without becoming a single sound on expiration may indicate increased pulmonary flow, typical of atrial septal defect.
What assessment(s) in a child with tetralogy of Fallot would indicate the child is experiencing a paroxysmal hypercyanotic episode? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Spontaneous cyanosis
- B. Dyspnea
- C. Weakness
- D. Dry cough
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Indicators of a paroxysmal hypercyanotic episode or a tet episode are spontaneous cyanosis, dyspnea, weakness, and syncope.