Nokea
Nurse Rica, would like to start a conversation, which comunication technique she should use?
- A. Clarifying
- B. Challenging
- C. Restating
- D. Broad opening
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Broad opening. Nurse Rica should use this communication technique to encourage the patient to freely express themselves without leading or interrupting. This technique helps build rapport and trust, setting a positive tone for the conversation.
A: Clarifying may be too direct and might make the patient feel pressured.
B: Challenging can create defensiveness and hinder open communication.
C: Restating may not be as effective in initiating a conversation as broad opening.
In summary, broad opening allows for a more open and relaxed conversation, fostering a conducive environment for effective communication with the patient.
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At the pre-Entry phase, which of the following is the FIRST step in the CO-PAR process
- A. Survey the community
- B. Train technical working group
- C. Hold a community assembly
- D. Create a core group
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Create a core group. In the CO-PAR process, creating a core group is the first step in the pre-Entry phase as it establishes a team of committed individuals who will lead the participatory action research. This core group will provide leadership, coordination, and represent the diversity of the community. Surveying the community (choice A) comes after forming the core group to gather information. Training the technical working group (choice B) and holding a community assembly (choice C) are subsequent steps in the process after the core group is established.
You should check the patient for suspect disturbed thought processes related to depressed metabolism and altered cardiovascular and respiratory status. What is the rationale for orienting the patient to time, place, date, and events?
- A. Shows improved cognitive functioning
- B. Provides reality orientation to patient
- C. Permits evaluation of effectiveness of treatment
- D. Let the patient identify the time, place, date, and events correctly
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Provides reality orientation to patient. Orienting the patient to time, place, date, and events helps them stay connected to reality and improves their awareness of their surroundings. This is crucial in assessing their cognitive functioning and ensuring they are grounded in the present moment. By providing reality orientation, healthcare providers can better understand the patient's current mental state and address any potential confusion or disorientation. This approach aids in establishing a therapeutic environment and enhances the patient's overall well-being. Choices A, C, and D do not capture the essence of reality orientation and its significance in maintaining the patient's mental clarity and connection to the present moment.
Which of the following situations will the nurse consider as risks factors for complicated grief?
- A. Childbirth, marriage and divorce
- B. Death of a spouse, child, death by suicide
- C. Inadequate perception of the grieving process
- D. Inadequate support and old age
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the death of a spouse, child, or death by suicide are all significant losses that can lead to complicated grief due to the intensity of emotions and the disruption of daily life. These experiences can result in prolonged and severe grieving processes that may require professional intervention.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Childbirth, marriage, and divorce are not typically considered risk factors for complicated grief as they are more commonly associated with expected life events that may involve grief but not necessarily lead to complicated grief.
C: Inadequate perception of the grieving process may contribute to difficulties in coping with grief but is not a direct risk factor for complicated grief.
D: While inadequate support can impact the grieving process, and old age may present unique challenges, they are not specific risk factors for complicated grief compared to the profound loss experienced in choice B.
A patient is prescribed a statin medication for lipid-lowering therapy. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor closely in the patient?
- A. Muscle pain or weakness
- B. Dry cough
- C. Hypertension
- D. Hyperkalemia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Muscle pain or weakness. Statins can cause muscle-related side effects, including rhabdomyolysis, a severe condition that can lead to muscle pain and weakness. Monitoring for these symptoms is crucial to prevent serious complications.
B: Dry cough is not a common side effect of statins.
C: Hypertension is not directly associated with statin use.
D: Hyperkalemia is not a typical adverse effect of statins.
A patient presents with sudden-onset severe headache, vomiting, and altered mental status. Imaging reveals a noncontrast-enhancing hemorrhagic lesion within the subarachnoid space. Which of the following neurological conditions is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
- A. Ischemic stroke
- B. Subdural hematoma
- C. Intracerebral hemorrhage
- D. Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Subarachnoid hemorrhage. This condition presents with sudden-onset severe headache, vomiting, and altered mental status due to bleeding in the subarachnoid space. This type of hemorrhage is typically noncontrast-enhancing on imaging.
A: Ischemic stroke does not typically present with sudden-onset severe headache and vomiting.
B: Subdural hematoma usually presents with a slower onset of symptoms and often develops after head trauma.
C: Intracerebral hemorrhage presents with focal neurological deficits rather than altered mental status and vomiting.
In summary, based on the sudden onset of symptoms, imaging findings, and clinical presentation, subarachnoid hemorrhage is the most likely diagnosis in this case.