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Nurse Selma is preparing to administer ofloxacin eardrop on Catherine per Doctor's order. She needs to hold the bottle with her hands to warm up the solution to prevent dizziness for
- A. 5-6 minutes
- B. 1 to 2 minutes
- C. 3-4 minutes
- D. 6-7 minutes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Warming up ofloxacin eardrops before administering is done to prevent dizziness, which can occur if a cold solution is placed in the ear. Holding the bottle with hands for about 1 to 2 minutes is usually sufficient to warm up the solution to a comfortable temperature for the patient. Warming the solution for too long, such as 5-6 minutes, may not be necessary and could potentially waste time. So, the correct duration for warming up ofloxacin eardrops is 1 to 2 minutes.
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A woman in active labor is experiencing umbilical cord prolapse. What is the priority nursing action?
- A. Elevating the mother's hips to relieve pressure on the cord
- B. Preparing for immediate cesarean section
- C. Administering intravenous fluids rapidly
- D. Applying external fetal monitoring to assess fetal heart rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the case of umbilical cord prolapse, the priority nursing action is to prepare for an immediate cesarean section. Umbilical cord prolapse is a serious obstetric emergency where the umbilical cord slips through the cervix ahead of the presenting part of the fetus. This can lead to compression of the cord, compromising fetal blood flow and oxygenation. Immediate delivery via cesarean section is necessary in order to prevent fetal hypoxia and avoid potential complications such as brain damage or death. Elevating the mother's hips or administering intravenous fluids rapidly may be interventions done in conjunction with preparing for a cesarean section, but the priority remains expedited delivery of the baby. Applying external fetal monitoring is not the most appropriate action in this emergency situation.
Sexual dysfunctions 1ike impotence, erectile dysfunction, and lack of libido are likely possibilities in what, prostatic surgery?
- A. Suprapubic prostatectomy
- B. Transurethral resection of the prostate
- C. Laparoscopic prostatectomy
- D. Perineal prostatectomy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sexual dysfunctions like impotence, erectile dysfunction, and lack of libido are common complications following prostatic surgery. Among the options provided, transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is associated with a higher risk of these sexual dysfunctions. This is because during TURP, the surgical procedure may damage nerves and blood vessels that are crucial for sexual function, leading to impotence, erectile dysfunction, and decreased libido postoperatively.
The nurse plans to educate the entire family about obsessive compulsive disorder. Which of the following plans would be the MOST effective?
- A. The nurse directs resources to help them 1earn about the illness medication to treat it.
- B. The nurse teaches the family about Mrs. Juan's illness and medication and suggests that they educate her disease and the medications to treat it.
- C. The nurse educates the entire famil1v at the same time about the disease and medications to treat it.
- D. The nurse teaches Mrs . Juan about her illness and her mediations and suggests that she teaches her family what she has learned .
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most effective plan would be for the nurse to educate the entire family at the same time about the disease and medications to treat it (Option C). This approach ensures that each family member receives the same information and understanding about obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and its treatment. By educating the entire family simultaneously, it creates a supportive environment where everyone is on the same page and can provide understanding and assistance to the individual with OCD, in this case, Mrs. Juan. It also allows for open communication and collaboration within the family unit, leading to better management and support for Mrs. Juan in dealing with her illness.
A patient presents with recurrent episodes of venous thrombosis, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), despite no apparent provoking factors. Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause these findings?
- A. Antithrombin III deficiency
- B. Protein C deficiency
- C. Protein S deficiency
- D. Factor V Leiden mutation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Factor V Leiden mutation is the most common inherited predisposition to venous thrombosis. In this condition, there is a specific mutation in the factor V gene (also known as factor V Leiden) that makes factor V resistant to inactivation by activated protein C. This resistance leads to excessive clot formation, increasing the risk of recurrent venous thrombosis like DVT and PE. Patients with Factor V Leiden mutation may have a history of recurrent unprovoked venous thrombosis at a young age. In comparison, antithrombin III deficiency, protein C deficiency, and protein S deficiency are other inherited thrombophilias that may increase the risk of venous thrombosis, but Factor V Leiden mutation is the most likely cause in this case based on the presentation of recurrent episodes without apparent provoking factors.
Patient Josephine was referred to the physician, routine blood examinations were taken. After reviewing the serum electrolyte. levels an order of isotonic intravenous (IV) infusion was prescribed. Which IV solution should the nurse prepare?
- A. 5 percent dextrose in water
- B. 0.45 percent sodium chloride solution
- C. 10 percent dextrose in water
- D. 3 percent sodium chloride solution
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The order for isotonic intravenous (IV) infusion indicates that the IV solution should have an osmolarity similar to that of blood serum, which is approximately 0.9 percent sodium chloride solution (normal saline). In the given choices, the closest option to isotonic solution is the 0.45 percent sodium chloride solution. This solution is hypotonic compared to blood serum, making it a suitable choice for isotonic IV infusion to prevent fluid shifts and maintain electrolyte balance in the patient. The other options, such as 5 percent dextrose in water (hypotonic), 10 percent dextrose in water (hypertonic), and 3 percent sodium chloride solution (hypertonic), do not match the requirement for an isotonic IV solution in this case.