Nokea
Nursing considerations when caring for African-American clients include that:
- A. families are generally distant and unsupportive
- B. special hair, skin, and nail care might be required
- C. fad diets are a cultural norm
- D. clients are generally future-oriented
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: African-American clients may require specific hair, skin, and nail care due to unique characteristics like tightly coiled hair or higher risk of keloid scarring. The other options are stereotypes or incorrect: families are often supportive, fad diets are not a cultural norm, and future orientation is not a defining trait.
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A 57-year-old woman is recently widowed. She states, 'I will never be able to learn how to manage the finances. My husband did all of that.' Select the nurse's response that could help raise the client's self-esteem.
- A. You feel inadequate because you have never learned to balance a checkbook.
- B. You should have insisted your husband teach you about the finances.
- C. You are strong and will learn how to manage your finances after awhile.
- D. Why don't you take a class in basic finance from the local college?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse can raise the client's self-esteem by communicating confidence the client can participate in actively finding solutions to the problem. The nurse also conveys the client is a worthwhile person by listening and accepting the client's feelings and praising the client for seeking assistance.
A successful resolution of the nursing diagnosis Negative Self-Concept (related to unrealistic selfexpectations) is when the client can:
- A. report a positive self-concept.
- B. identify negative thoughts.
- C. recognize positive thoughts.
- D. give one positive cue with each negative cue.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The problem statement is Negative Self Concept. A successful resolution of the problem is when the client can report a positive self-concept. When the nurse determines how the client perceives himself, effort should be directed to reinforce self-worth and promote a positive self-concept, including helping a client to identify areas of strength. Assisting the client to evaluate himself and make behavior changes is a nursing intervention.
What is the reason for a contract between nurse and client?
- A. Contracts state the roles the participants take.
- B. Contracts are indicative of the feeling tone established between participants.
- C. Contracts are binding and prevent either party from ending the relationship prematurely.
- D. Contracts spell out the participation and responsibilities of both parties.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A contract emphasizes that the nurse works with the client, rather than doing something for the client. Working with suggests that each party is expected to participate and share responsibility for outcomes. Contracts do not, however, stipulate roles or feeling tone, nor is premature termination expressly forbidden.
A nurse is assessing a patient's breath sounds. The patient has had a pneumonectomy to the right lung performed 48 hours ago. Which of the following conditions most likely exists?
- A. Decreased breath sound volume
- B. Elevated tidal volume
- C. Elevated respiratory capacity
- D. Wheezing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Breath sounds would be softer due to the removal of the right lung, reducing the area available for air exchange.
When planning care of a client who has a been diagnosed with Amphetamine Abuse, the nurse should use the knowledge that:
- A. amphetamines increase energy by increasing dopamine levels at neural synapses.
- B. amphetamines have a low risk of tolerance or addiction.
- C. amphetamines produce a 10-20-second rush followed by a 2-4-hour high.
- D. addiction to barbiturates and amphetamines is rare because they have opposite effects.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Amphetamines cause the release of norepinephrine and dopamine from storage vesicles into the synapse, increasing stimulation. Tolerance and withdrawal patterns are well-documented, and prolonged use can lead to psychosis.