Nokea
Nutrition therapy for clients with diabetes is based on:
- A. low dietary intake of sugars
- B. standardized diabetic diet plans
- C. each client's lifestyle and preferences
- D. the client's weight and blood glucose level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Corrected Rationale: Nutrition therapy for clients with diabetes should be individualized to each client's lifestyle, preferences, and needs. This approach ensures that the dietary plan is sustainable and tailored to the client, leading to better adherence and improved health outcomes. Choices A and B are too general and do not account for individual differences among clients. Choice D, focusing solely on weight and blood glucose levels, overlooks other crucial aspects of a client's overall well-being and dietary requirements in diabetes management.
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Can fluid retention cause lab values to be deceptively high, whereas dehydration may cause the values to be deceptively low?
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
- C. Not always
- D. Sometimes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The statement is incorrect. Fluid retention generally results in lab values appearing deceptively low, not high, because the excess fluid dilutes the concentration of substances in the blood. Conversely, dehydration can make lab values appear deceptively high as the reduced fluid volume in the body means substances in the blood are less diluted. Choices 'C: Not always' and 'D: Sometimes' are not specific and do not directly address the statement in the question, hence they are incorrect.
A condition that often progresses to become type 2 diabetes mellitus is:
- A. type 1 diabetes mellitus
- B. high blood pressure
- C. chronic pancreatitis
- D. impaired glucose tolerance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Impaired glucose tolerance is a pre-diabetic state characterized by higher than normal blood sugar levels. It is often associated with insulin resistance and can progress to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Type 1 diabetes mellitus (Choice A) is an autoimmune condition where the body attacks insulin-producing cells, leading to a lack of insulin production. High blood pressure (Choice B) and chronic pancreatitis (Choice C) are not directly linked to the progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Which biomolecule is responsible for the storage and transfer of genetic information?
- A. Carbohydrates
- B. Proteins
- C. Lipids
- D. Nucleic acids
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are the biomolecules responsible for storing and transferring genetic information within cells. Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids do not have this specific function. Carbohydrates are mainly used for energy storage, structural support, and cellular communication. Proteins are involved in various cellular functions such as enzymatic reactions, structural support, and signaling. Lipids play roles in energy storage, cell membrane structure, and signaling.
Can a person with Celiac disease eat Poptarts that contain gluten?
- A. Yes
- B. No
- C. Only in small quantities
- D. Only if they are gluten-free Poptarts
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A person with Celiac disease cannot consume Poptarts that contain gluten because gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye, triggering an autoimmune response in individuals with Celiac disease and damaging their small intestine. Even small quantities of gluten can lead to this harmful response, making choices 'A' and 'C' incorrect. While gluten-free Poptarts may be suitable for individuals with Celiac disease, regular Poptarts containing gluten are not safe for consumption by them, rendering choice 'D' incorrect as well.
In which condition is underconsumption of fat not a concern?
- A. Malabsorption syndromes
- B. Cystic fibrosis
- C. AIDS
- D. Hypertension
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Hypertension. Hypertension is not typically associated with underconsumption of fat; instead, it is more related to the consumption of excess fat, especially saturated and trans fats, which can contribute to increased blood pressure. Malabsorption syndromes, cystic fibrosis, and AIDS are conditions where underconsumption of fat can be a concern due to various reasons such as malabsorption issues, pancreatic insufficiency, or increased energy needs.