Nokea
Obsessive-compulsive disorders involve
- A. loss of contact with reality
- B. unresolved anger
- C. unresolved Oedipal conflict
- D. high levels of anxiety
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: OCD is driven by high anxiety, prompting repetitive thoughts and actions.
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The wife of a client who is being seen in the sleep clinic states that her husband snores terribly at night and that she has to shake him to get him to stop. The client complains of a headache upon wakening and often falls asleep during the day when he sits for long periods. This client is exhibiting signs and symptoms characteristic of:
- A. Narcolepsy.
- B. Parasomnia.
- C. Sleep apnea.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sleep apnea. This client is showing classic signs of obstructive sleep apnea, including loud snoring, waking up with headaches, and excessive daytime sleepiness. Snoring and the need for physical stimulation to stop snoring are common in sleep apnea. The headaches may be due to disrupted sleep patterns and oxygen deprivation. Excessive daytime sleepiness is a result of poor quality sleep.
Choice A (Narcolepsy) is incorrect because narcolepsy is characterized by sudden, uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep during the day, often accompanied by cataplexy and sleep paralysis, which are not mentioned in the scenario.
Choice B (Parasomnia) is incorrect because parasomnias involve abnormal behaviors during sleep, such as sleepwalking or night terrors, which are not described in the scenario.
Choice D (None of the above) is incorrect because the symptoms described align with obstructive sleep apnea.
Diet, exercise and establishing a regular sleep cycle are all effective treatments for many mental disorders in teenagers
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lifestyle interventions like diet, exercise, and sleep hygiene are evidence-based adjuncts for managing many mental disorders.
A 45-year-old married woman who works full time in a factory has recently been absent for 3-day periods on several occasions. Each time, she returned to work wearing dark glasses. Facial and body bruises were apparent. Her supervisor became suspicious that she was a victim of battering and referred her to the occupational health nurse. Which initial inquiry would be most important for the nurse to make?
- A. Tell me what has happened to you.'
- B. Did your husband beat you?'
- C. Why do you let this happen?'
- D. What can you do to prevent this?'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Tell me what has happened to you." This open-ended question allows the woman to share her experience without judgment or assumptions. It shows empathy and respect for her autonomy. It is crucial for the nurse to gather information directly from the patient to understand the situation fully and provide appropriate support.
Choice B is incorrect because it assumes the woman's husband is the perpetrator without giving her a chance to disclose the information herself. This can be intimidating and may not lead to a truthful response.
Choice C is incorrect because it implies blame on the victim for the abuse, which is not appropriate. It does not focus on providing support or understanding the situation.
Choice D is incorrect as it puts the responsibility on the victim to prevent the abuse, which is not a helpful approach. The focus should be on providing support and understanding the victim's situation.
An 85-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of cerebrovascular accident and depression. The symptom that is unrelated to depression would be?
- A. Crying and refusing to perform task
- B. Answering I forgot to questions
- C. Having positive self-esteem
- D. Neglecting ADLs
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient may suffer from depression as a result of limitations produced by the stroke. Depression can be evidenced by sadness (A), confusion (B), and lack of self-care (D). Positive self-esteem (C) is inconsistent with depression.
Because of the cognitive disturbances associated with schizophrenia, which technique will be useful as the nurse teaches a client about self-management?
- A. Teach material in small segments
- B. Use only verbal instruction
- C. Plan the teaching for a time when client is stimulated and busy
- D. Offer opportunities for making a large number of choices
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because teaching material in small segments is effective for individuals with cognitive disturbances like schizophrenia, as it helps improve comprehension and retention. Breaking down information into manageable parts reduces cognitive overload and enhances learning. Choice B is incorrect as relying solely on verbal instruction may be challenging for individuals with cognitive deficits. Choice C is incorrect because a stimulated and busy environment may hinder learning for someone with schizophrenia due to difficulty focusing. Choice D is incorrect as offering too many choices can be overwhelming and confusing, especially for those with cognitive disturbances.