Nokea
Older adults with known cardiovascular disease must balance which of the following measures for optimum health?
- A. Diet, exercise, and medication.
- B. Stress, hypertension, and pain.
- C. Mental health, diet, and stress.
- D. Social events, diet, and smoking.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Diet, exercise, and medication are critical for managing cardiovascular disease, as they address risk factors like cholesterol, physical fitness, and blood pressure control, directly impacting heart health.
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The nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of antimicrobial therapy for a client diagnosed with infective endocarditis. The nurse determines that which finding is the least reliable indicator of effectiveness?
- A. Clear breath sounds
- B. Systolic heart murmur
- C. Temperature of 98.8°F
- D. Negative blood cultures
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A systolic heart murmur, once present in the client, will not resolve spontaneously and is therefore the least reliable indicator. Clear breath sounds are a normal finding, and in this instance could mean resolution of heart failure, if that was accompanying the endocarditis. Negative blood cultures and normothermia indicate resolution of infection.
A 9-year-old child is scheduled for an electromyelogram. To prepare the child for this procedure, what should the nurse do?
- A. Wait until just before the test to tell the child what will be done.
- B. Ask the child to draw a picture of the body structures involved.
- C. Show the child the equipment that will be used in the test.
- D. Verbally explain what will be done during the test.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A verbal explanation in age-appropriate terms helps a 9-year-old understand the procedure, reducing anxiety and promoting cooperation.
Which of the following nursing interventions would best accomplish the goal of preventing atelectasis and pneumonia in a postoperative client?
- A. Administer oxygen therapy as needed to maintain adequate oxygenation.
- B. Offer pain medication before having the client deep-breathe and use incentive spirometry.
- C. Encourage the client to cough, deep-breathe, and turn in bed and to 2,000 mL every 24 hours.
- D. Encourage the client to cough, deep-breathe, and turn in bed every 2 hours.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pain control is essential to enable effective deep breathing and incentive spirometry, which prevent atelectasis and pneumonia by promoting lung expansion. Oxygen and fluid intake are supportive but secondary.
The physician is calling in an order for ampicillin for a neonate. The nurse should do which of the following? Select all that apply.
- A. Write down the order.
- B. Ask the physician to come to the hospital and write the order on the chart.
- C. Repeat the order to the physician over the telephone.
- D. Ask the physician to confirm that the order is correct.
- E. Ask the nursing supervisor to cosign the telephone order as transcribed by the nurse.
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Writing the order, repeating it back, and confirming with the physician ensure accuracy and safety for a telephone order.
The nurse is caring for a client with a suspected urinary tract infection. Which symptom is most common?
- A. Dysuria
- B. Flank pain
- C. Hematuria
- D. Nocturia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Dysuria (painful urination) is the most common symptom of a urinary tract infection, reflecting bladder or urethral irritation.