Nokea
On admission to the psychiatric unit, the client is trembling and appears fearful. The nurse's initial response should be to
- A. Give the client orientation materials and review the unit rules and regulations
- B. Introduce oneself and accompany the client to their room
- C. Take the client to the day room and introduce them to the other clients
- D. Ask the nursing assistant to get the client's vital signs and complete the admission search
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In situations where a client is trembling and fearful upon admission to a psychiatric unit, it is essential to prioritize building trust and reducing anxiety. By introducing oneself and accompanying the client to their room, the nurse can establish a therapeutic relationship, provide a sense of security, and address the client's immediate emotional needs. Choices A, C, and D are not the most appropriate initial responses as they do not directly address the client's emotional state or focus on establishing a supportive relationship.
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As a community organizer, the PHN facilitates the planning and implementation of program subjects in the community. In the light of the PHC approach, these programs/projects should be characterized by the following except:
- A. managed by the community leaders/members
- B. managed by non-government organizations for the people to ensure success
- C. compatible with available resources
- D. developmental in nature
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of the PHC approach, programs should be characterized by being managed by community leaders/members (Choice A). This ensures community involvement and ownership. Programs should also be compatible with available resources (Choice C) to be sustainable and effective. Additionally, programs should be developmental in nature (Choice D), focusing on long-term improvements. Choice B is incorrect because programs should not be solely managed by non-government organizations; instead, they should be driven by the community to promote sustainability and empowerment.
The term 'epidemiology' is best defined as the study of:
- A. The causes of disease
- B. The distribution and determinants of health-related states in populations
- C. The treatment and prevention of disease
- D. The healthcare system and its effectiveness
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states in populations. Choice A is incorrect because epidemiology focuses on more than just causes but also on distribution and determinants. Choice C is incorrect as it specifically relates to public health and not just treatment and prevention. Choice D is incorrect as epidemiology is broader than just focusing on the healthcare system and its effectiveness.
Refers to the nurses in the local/national health departments or public schools:
- A. Public health nursing
- B. Public health nurse
- C. Registered midwives
- D. Registered nurses
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct term for nurses working in local/national health departments or public schools is 'public health nurse.' This term specifically refers to individual nurses in those settings. Choice A, 'Public health nursing,' is a broader term that refers to the field of nursing focused on improving community health. Choices C and D, 'Registered midwives' and 'Registered nurses,' do not specifically indicate the nurses working in local/national health departments or public schools, making them incorrect.
The nurse is conducting a process evaluation of a prevention education program for older adults who are at risk for substance abuse. Which data source provides the information the nurse needs to conduct this process evaluation?
- A. client's score on an alcohol screening instrument
- B. results of a urine drug and alcohol screen
- C. most recent community census data
- D. documentation of client education in the nursing record
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct! Documentation of client education in the nursing record is the most appropriate data source for conducting a process evaluation of a prevention education program. This documentation provides insight into the educational process, its implementation, and the quality of education delivered. Choices A and B focus on assessing the clients directly for substance abuse, which is different from evaluating the educational process. Choice C, the most recent community census data, is not directly related to evaluating the specific prevention education program for older adults at risk for substance abuse.
A client with chronic congestive heart failure should be instructed to contact the home health nurse if which finding occurs?
- A. Weight gain of 2 pounds or more in a 48-hour period
- B. Urinating 4 to 5 times a day
- C. A significant decrease in appetite
- D. Appearance of non-pitting ankle edema
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A rapid weight gain of 2 pounds or more in a 48-hour period may indicate fluid retention and worsening heart failure, requiring prompt medical evaluation and intervention. This finding is crucial in managing chronic congestive heart failure as it signifies a potential exacerbation of the condition. Choices B, C, and D are less concerning in this context. Urinating 4 to 5 times a day is within the normal range for most individuals and may not be directly related to heart failure. A significant decrease in appetite may be due to various factors and might not be an immediate cause for concern in heart failure patients. The appearance of non-pitting ankle edema, although related to heart failure, is a more chronic and less urgent symptom when compared to a rapid weight gain, which requires immediate attention.