Nokea
One-half hour after vaginal delivery of a term neonate, the nurse palpates the fundus of a primigravid client, noting several large clots and a small trickle of bright red vaginal bleeding. The client's blood pressure is 136/92 mm Hg. Which of the following would the nurse do first?
- A. Continue to monitor the client's fundus every 15 minutes.
- B. Ask the physician for an order for methylergonovine (Methergine).
- C. Immediately notify the physician of the client's symptoms.
- D. Change the client's perineal pads every 15 minutes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Large clots and bright red bleeding post-delivery suggest possible uterine atony or retained placental fragments, requiring immediate physician notification for intervention. Monitoring, requesting medication, or changing pads are secondary actions.
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After instruction of a primigravid client at 8 weeks' gestation about measures to overcome early morning nausea and vomiting, which of the following client statements indicates the need for additional teaching?
- A. "I'll eat dry crackers or toast before arising in the morning."
- B. "I'll drink adequate fluids separate from my meals or snacks."
- C. "I'll eat two large meals daily with frequent protein snacks."
- D. "I'll snack on a small amount of carbohydrates throughout the day."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Two large meals may worsen nausea; smaller, more frequent meals are recommended.
A primiparous client asks when to transition her bottle-fed neonate to a sippy cup. The nurse should recommend introducing a sippy cup around:
- A. 3 months.
- B. 6 months.
- C. 9 months.
- D. 12 months.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Introducing a sippy cup around 12 months aligns with developmental readiness for independent drinking.
The nurse is caring for a primiparous client and her neonate immediately after delivery. The neonate was born at 41 weeks' gestation and weighs 4,082 g (9 lb). Assessing for signs and symptoms of which of the following conditions should be a priority in the neonate?
- A. Anemia.
- B. Hypoglycemia.
- C. Delayed meconium.
- D. Elevated bilirubin.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Large-for-gestational-age neonates (e.g., 4,082 g) are at risk for hypoglycemia due to increased metabolic demand and potential maternal diabetes. Hypoglycemia screening is a priority. Anemia, delayed meconium, or hyperbilirubinemia are less immediate.
Which of the following should the nurse include in the discharge teaching for a primiparous client about preventing postpartum infections?
- A. Change perineal pads every 8 hours.
- B. Take warm sitz baths twice daily.
- C. Wash hands before and after perineal care.
- D. Use a hairdryer to dry the perineal area.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hand washing before and after perineal care reduces the risk of introducing pathogens, preventing infections.
The nurse is teaching a group of women about fertility awareness methods of contraception. Which of the following would the nurse include as the most reliable indicator that ovulation has occurred?
- A. A slight drop followed by a rise in basal body temperature.
- B. A change in cervical mucus to thin, clear, and stretchy.
- C. The onset of mittelschmerz, or midcycle pelvic pain.
- D. The presence of a thick, cloudy cervical mucus.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A slight drop followed by a rise in basal body temperature is the most reliable indicator of ovulation, as it reflects the hormonal shift post-ovulation. Cervical mucus changes and mittelschmerz are less precise, and thick mucus typically occurs post-ovulation.