Nokea
One of the medications that is prescribed for a male client is furosemide (Lasix) 80 mg bid. To reduce his risk of falls, the nurse would teach him to take this medication:
- A. On arising and no later than 6 PM
- B. At evenly spaced intervals, such as 8 AM and 8 PM
- C. With at least one glass of water per pill
- D. With breakfast and at bedtime
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Taking furosemide early in the day minimizes nighttime urination, reducing fall risk. The other options increase nighttime bathroom trips or are irrelevant to fall prevention.
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The mother of a child taking phenytoin will need to plan appropriate mouth care and gingival stimulation. When tooth-brushing is contraindicated, the next most effective cleansing and gingival stimulation technique would be:
- A. Using a water pik
- B. Rinsing with water
- C. Rinsing with hydrogen peroxide
- D. Rinsing with baking soda
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This technique provides effective rinsing and gingival stimulation. This technique does not provide gingival stimulation. This technique provides effective rinsing but not gingival stimulation. Using peroxide is not pleasant for the child. This technique provides effective rinsing but not gingival stimulation.
The nurse is caring for a client with osteoporosis who is being discharged on alendronate (Fosamax). Which statement would indicate a need for further teaching?
- A. "I should take the medication immediately before bedtime every night."
- B. "I should remain in an upright position for 30 minutes after taking Fosamax."
- C. "The medication should be taken by mouth with water."
- D. "I should not have any food with this medication."
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Alendronate should be taken in the morning on an empty stomach, not before bedtime (A), indicating a need for further teaching. Upright positioning (B), taking with water (C), and avoiding food (D) are correct.
A client with a history of a kidney transplant is being discharged. The nurse should teach the client to:
- A. Avoid contact sports
- B. Eat a high-protein diet
- C. Limit fluid intake
- D. Take antibiotics daily
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Contact sports risk trauma to the transplanted kidney, located in the pelvis, and should be avoided. High-protein diets, fluid limits, and daily antibiotics are not standard.
A primigravida is at term. The nurse can recognize the second stage of labor by the client's desire to:
- A. Push during contractions
- B. Hyperventilate during contractions
- C. Walk between contractions
- D. Relax during contractions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The second stage of labor is marked by full cervical dilation and the urge to push with contractions.
The nurse is caring for a child in a plaster-of-Paris hip spica cast. To facilitate drying, the nurse should:
- A. Use a small hand-held hair dryer set on medium heat.
- B. Place a small heater near the child's bed.
- C. Turn the child at least every two hours.
- D. Allow one side to dry before changing positions.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Turning the child every two hours ensures even drying of the cast and prevents pressure sores, promoting proper cast setting.