Nokea
Parents of a 5-year-old child diagnosed as cognitively impaired have come to the nurse to discuss different approaches to the ongoing care of their child. The nurse should suggest focusing on what activity?
- A. Acquiring job skills
- B. Making decisions
- C. Performing self-care activities
- D. Reading and doing simple math
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For a cognitively impaired child, focusing on self-care activities supports their development and independence, which is appropriate for a 5-year-old.
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What is the major criterion for diagnosing a child as cognitively impaired?
- A. An IQ of 75 or less
- B. Subaverage functioning
- C. An IQ of 70 or less
- D. Onset before 18
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cognitive impairment is based upon IQs from 20 to 70.
What should the nurse assess in an infant who has been diagnosed with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis?
- A. A history of diarrhea following each feeding
- B. Gastric pain evidenced by vigorous crying
- C. Poor appetite due to a poor sucking reflex
- D. An olive-shaped mass right of the midline
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Examination of the abdomen may assist in the diagnosis and reveal key signs of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. Visible peristaltic waves that move from left to right across the epigastric region may be evident, and palpation may reveal an olive-shaped mass in this area to the right of the midline.
What is the best time to administer pancreatic enzyme replacement?
- A. Before meals and snacks
- B. Before bedtime
- C. Early in the morning
- D. After meals and snacks
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pancreatic enzymes are administered before meals and snacks to digest carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
What could suddenly occur in a child with acute epiglottitis?
- A. Increased carbon dioxide levels
- B. Airway obstruction
- C. Inability to swallow
- D. Bronchial collapse
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In acute epiglottitis, the infected epiglottis becomes inflamed and causes total airway obstruction. Immediate treatment of acute epiglottitis includes an artificial airway.
The parents of a child recently diagnosed with sickle cell anemia ask what can be done to avoid a sickle cell crisis. What should be included in the medical management of sickle cell crisis?
- A. Information for the parents including home care
- B. Provisions for adequate hydration and pain management
- C. Pain management and administration of iron supplements
- D. Adequate oxygenation and factor VIII
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Medical management of sickle cell crisis includes palliative analgesics, hydration, and oxygen.