Nokea
Parents of a 7 year-old child call the clinic nurse because their daughter was sent home from school because of a rash. The child had been seen the day before by the provider and diagnosed with Fifth Disease (erythema infectiosum). What is the most appropriate action by the nurse?
- A. Tell the parents to bring the child to the clinic for further evaluation
- B. Refer the school officials to printed materials about this viral illness
- C. Inform the teacher that the child is receiving antibiotics for the rash
- D. Explain that this rash is not contagious and does not require isolation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Explain that this rash is not contagious and does not require isolation. Fifth Disease is not contagious once the rash appears, except in specific cases.
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Because an adult is scheduled for a cystoscopy, the nurse should plan to do which of the following immediately prior to the procedure?
- A. Keep the client NPO for eight hours
- B. Ask the client about claustrophobia
- C. Ask the client about allergies to shellfish
- D. Encourage fluids
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cystoscopy may involve iodine-based contrast; shellfish allergies suggest iodine sensitivity, requiring verification. NPO is not needed, claustrophobia is irrelevant, and fluids are not prioritized immediately before.
The nurse in the outpatient clinic is talking with a client who was diagnosed with hypertension 6 months ago. The client’s current blood pressure is 170/94 mm Hg. Which of the following questions would be most important for the nurse to ask?
- A. Are you feeling overwhelmed at home or work?
- B. Can you describe your daily eating habits to me?
- C. Do you smoke cigarettes or use tobacco products?
- D. How often do you take your antihypertensive medications?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Medication adherence is the most critical factor to assess in uncontrolled hypertension (170/94 mm Hg), as non-compliance is a common cause. Stress, diet, and smoking are secondary.
The nurse is reviewing new medication prescriptions for a client who has a suspected brain tumor. The client is scheduled for a CT scan of the head with IV iodinated contrast in 24 hours. The nurse should clarify the prescription for
- A. gabapentin
- B. amlodipine
- C. metformin
- D. phenytoin
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin should be held before and after iodinated contrast due to the risk of lactic acidosis if contrast-induced kidney injury occurs. Gabapentin, amlodipine, and phenytoin are safe with contrast.
The nurse is reinforcing teaching about oral hydrocortisone for a client with newly diagnosed primary adrenal insufficiency (i.e., Addison disease). Which of the following information should the nurse reinforce? Select all that apply.
- A. Discontinue hydrocortisone if you have mood changes or disruptions in behavior
- B. Report even a low-grade fever to the health care provider immediately
- C. Report signs of hyperglycemia, including increased urine, hunger, and thirst
- D. The dose of hydrocortisone may need to be increased during times of illness or injury
- E. This medication should be taken on an empty stomach to enhance absorption
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Reporting fever, hyperglycemia, and adjusting doses during illness are critical for Addison disease management. Hydrocortisone should not be stopped abruptly, and food enhances absorption.
A client has sustained second- and third-degree burns over her entire left arm and posterior trunk. Using the Rule of Nines, which percentage of the client's body is burned?
- A. 9%
- B. 18%
- C. 27%
- D. 36%
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Per the Rule of Nines, one arm is 9% and the posterior trunk is 18%, totaling 27% body surface area burned.