Nokea
Parents tell the nurse that their child keeps scratching the areas where he has poison ivy. The nurse's response should be based on which knowledge?
- A. Poison ivy does not itch and needs further investigation.
- B. Scratching the lesions will not cause a problem.
- C. Scratching the lesions will cause the poison ivy to spread.
- D. Scratching the lesions may cause them to become secondarily infected.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Scratching the lesions caused by poison ivy may result in them becoming secondarily infected. It is important to advise against scratching the affected areas to prevent the introduction of bacteria from under the fingernails or through broken skin, which can lead to infection. This can complicate the initial skin irritation caused by the poison ivy rash. Encouraging the child to avoid scratching and keeping the affected areas clean can help prevent secondary infections and promote healing.
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A parent of an infant with diaper dermatitis is being taught by a nurse. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Use baby wipes that contain alcohol to clean the baby's skin.
- B. Expose the baby's skin to air.
- C. Use a blow dryer on the warm setting to dry the baby's skin.
- D. Give the baby a bath once a week.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Which is an appropriate action when an infant becomes apneic?
- A. Shake vigorously
- B. Roll head side to side
- C. Hold by feet upside down with head supported
- D. Gently stimulate trunk by patting or rubbing
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When an infant becomes apneic (stops breathing), the appropriate action is to gently stimulate the trunk by patting or rubbing. This can help stimulate the infant to resume breathing. It is important to avoid any rough handling or shaking as this can cause harm to the infant. Rolling the head side to side or holding the infant by the feet upside down is not recommended in this situation and could potentially be dangerous. Gently stimulating the trunk is a safe and appropriate response to help the infant start breathing again.
You are examining an infant with multiple cutaneous hemangiomas; you suspect involvement of internal organs. The MOST common site of visceral involvement by hemangiomas is
- A. brain
- B. heart
- C. lung
- D. liver
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A child is admitted with acute glomerulonephritis. What should the nurse expect the urinalysis to show during the acute phase?
- A. Bacteriuria, hematuria
- B. Hematuria, proteinuria
- C. Bacteriuria, increased specific gravity
- D. Proteinuria, decreased specific gravity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should expect the urinalysis to show hematuria (blood in the urine) and proteinuria (excess protein in the urine) during the acute phase of glomerulonephritis. Hematuria is a common finding due to the inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, which allows red blood cells to leak into the urine. Proteinuria occurs because the damaged glomeruli are unable to effectively filter out proteins, leading to their presence in the urine. Bacteriuria and increased specific gravity are not typically associated with acute glomerulonephritis.
A 2-year-old child is found playing with a can of crystalline drain cleaner. There are several crystals in the mouth, which you have the mother wash out. Treatment should be to
- A. have the mother administer lemon juice or orange juice to neutralize the alkaline crystals and come to your office
- B. have the mother administer water or milk and call you back in 2 hours
- C. have the mother administer water or milk and bring the child in for esophagoscopy
- D. simply observe the child because the crystals are so bitter that the child was trying to spit them out when the mother called, and therefore no problems should occur
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.