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Patients with cystic fibrosis are often prescribed enzyme replacement for pancreatic secretions. Each replacement drug has lipase, protease, and amylase components, but the drug is prescribed in units of:
- A. Lipase
- B. Protease
- C. Amylase
- D. Pancreatin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pancreatic enzymes are dosed by lipase units, targeting fat malabsorption in cystic fibrosis.
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Varicella vaccine is recommended to be given to patients who are:
- A. HIV positive with a CD4+ T-lymphocyte percentage less than 15%
- B. Taking corticosteroids (up to 2 mg/kg/day or less than 20 mg/day)
- C. Pregnant
- D. Immunocompromised
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Varicella vaccine is safe with low-dose steroids; HIV with low CD4 , pregnancy , or immunocompromise contraindicate it.
EHRs:
- A. Are being discouraged by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services due to cost issues
- B. Allow for all patient data to be centralized in one location for access by multiple providers
- C. Use macros and templates to individualize care
- D. Use standardized software to facilitate interoperability between systems
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: EHRs centralize patient data for multi-provider access, improving care coordination.
Drugs that are prone to cause adverse drug effects include:
- A. Diuretics
- B. Inhaled anticholinergics
- C. Insulins
- D. Stimulants
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stimulants frequently cause ADRs (e.g., tachycardia), though diuretics and insulins also have risks; anticholinergics are less broad.
Which cytochrome is responsible for drug metabolism?
- A. P-450
- B. C-3b
- C. C-3a
- D. C-2a
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cytochrome P-450 enzymes in the liver are primary for drug metabolism.
The nurse explains that what drug resource book is compiled from package inserts?
- A. Nurse's Drug Guide
- B. Physicians Desk Reference (PDR)
- C. Drug Facts and Comparisons
- D. AMA Drug Evaluations
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The PDR is a compilation of information found on package inserts. The Nurse's Drug Guide uses more easily understood language and incorporates nursing considerations and patient teaching points. Drug Facts and Comparisons includes cost comparison, often not found in other drug resource guides. The AMA Drug Evaluations is far less biased than the PDR and includes drugs still in the research stage of development.