ATI Nursing Proctored Pediatric Test Banks

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Patients with Guillain-Barre Syndrome should be closely monitored. Which of the ff. parameters is most important to be checked regularly for acute complications?

  • A. BUN and creatinine
  • B. Hgb and Hct
  • C. ABG
  • D. Serum potassium
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Patients with Guillain-Barre Syndrome are at risk for respiratory complications due to muscle weakness and paralysis, particularly affecting the respiratory muscles. Monitoring arterial blood gas (ABG) levels is crucial in assessing respiratory function and detecting respiratory failure early in these patients. ABG levels provide information on oxygenation, ventilation, and acid-base balance, which are essential parameters to monitor closely in patients with Guillain-Barre Syndrome to prevent respiratory compromise and potential respiratory failure. Regular ABG monitoring helps healthcare providers intervene promptly if respiratory abnormalities develop, ensuring timely treatment and preventing serious complications.

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The nurse is admitting a newborn with hypospadias to the nursery. The nurse expects which finding in this newborn?

  • A. Absence of a urethral opening is noted.
  • B. Penis appears shorter than usual for age.
  • C. The urethral opening is along the dorsal surface of the penis.
  • D. The urethral opening is along the ventral surface of the penis.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Hypospadias is a congenital condition where the opening of the urethra is located on the ventral surface of the penis instead of the tip. This results in the ventral placement of the urethral meatus compared to the normal dorsal position. It can typically be visually identified when examining the newborn's genitalia. A key characteristic of hypospadias is the abnormal positioning of the urethral opening, which distinguishes it from other conditions affecting the male genitalia.

An insulin-dependent diabetic delivered a 10-pound male. When the baby is brought to the nursery, the priority of care is to

  • A. clean the umbilical cord with Betadine to prevent infection
  • B. give the baby a bath
  • C. call the laboratory to collect a PKU screening test
  • D. check the baby's serum glucose level and administer glucose if < 40 mg/dL
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The priority of care when a baby born to an insulin-dependent diabetic mother is brought to the nursery is to check the baby's serum glucose level and administer glucose if it is less than 40 mg/dL. Babies born to diabetic mothers, especially those with poorly controlled blood sugar levels, are at risk for hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) due to the sudden drop in glucose supply after delivery. Hypoglycemia can be dangerous for newborns and can lead to serious complications if left untreated. Therefore, monitoring the baby's serum glucose levels and providing appropriate intervention, such as administering glucose if necessary, is critical to ensure the baby's well-being.

The nurse is caring for a newborn receiving an exchange transfusion for hemolytic disease. Assessment of the newborn reveals slight respiratory distress and tachycardia. Which should the nurse's first action be?

  • A. Notify practitioner.
  • B. Stop the transfusion.
  • C. Administer calcium gluconate.
  • D. Monitor vital signs electronically.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Slight respiratory distress and tachycardia in a newborn during an exchange transfusion may indicate a possible transfusion reaction or overload. The first action the nurse should take is to stop the transfusion to prevent any further complications and assess the newborn's condition. After stopping the transfusion, the nurse can then take appropriate steps such as notifying the practitioner, administering medications, or providing supportive care as needed.

Hemangiomas are the most common benign tumors of infancy, occurring more in full-term infants. Of the following, the most common risk factor of development of hemangioma is

  • A. male infant
  • B. female infant
  • C. infant of diabetic mother
  • D. infant delivered by cesarean section
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Female infants are at higher risk for developing hemangiomas.

Laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis in Question 1 can best be obtained by measuring the toxic compound's concentration in which of the following?

  • A. Urine
  • B. Blood
  • C. Hair
  • D. Saliva
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Mercury levels are most accurately measured in urine, especially in cases of chronic exposure.

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